Merge branch 'json-view/13-view-dump' into json-view/16-view-simd

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/at.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ basic_json_view at(IntegerType idx) const;
 basic_json_view at(const json_pointer& ptr) const;
 ```
 
-1. Returns the value of the object member with key `key` -- the last one, should the key occur more than once (see
+1. Returns the value of the object member with key `key` -- the first one, should the key occur more than once (see
    [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes)).
 2. Returns the array element at index `idx`. The template accepts every integer type except `#!cpp bool` and
    `#!cpp std::size_t` and forwards to the `size_type` overload, as for [`operator[]`](operator[].md); a negative
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ basic_json_view at(const json_pointer& ptr) const;
 
 ## Return value
 
-1. the value of the last member with key `key`
+1. the value of the first member with key `key`
 2. the element at index `idx`
 3. the value `ptr` resolves to, starting at this value
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ None of these exceptions carry a [`JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`](../macros/json_diagnostics
 ## Complexity
 
 1. Linear in the number of members: as for [`ordered_json`](../ordered_json.md), members are compared one after
-   another, in document order, scanning all of them, since the last match is wanted. Each comparison first checks the
+   another, in document order, stopping at the first match. Each comparison first checks the
    key's length -- already known from the index, without reading the key bytes -- before comparing its content.
    Objects with 128 or more members get a hash index while parsing, so that a lookup in them takes constant time
    on average.
@@ -86,6 +86,13 @@ None of these exceptions carry a [`JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`](../macros/json_diagnostics
 
 ## Notes
 
+!!! warning "Duplicate keys: the first member wins"
+
+    If the source text repeats a key, this resolves to the *first* member with it, not to the last one that
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) and `parse()` keep. See the [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of
+    `operator[]` and [Duplicate keys](../../features/json_view.md#duplicate-keys) for the reasons and for how to get
+    the last value.
+
 Unlike [`operator[]`](operator[].md), which returns a [discarded](is_discarded.md) view for a missing key or an
 out-of-range index, `at` always throws -- exactly as `BasicJsonType::at` does, and with the same messages, so
 existing error handling written against `BasicJsonType::at` keeps working unchanged when switched to a view. This

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/begin.md

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Constant.
 
 For an object, iteration visits **every** member, including all occurrences of a duplicate key -- unlike
 [`operator[]`](operator[].md), [`at`](at.md), [`find`](find.md), [`contains`](contains.md), and [`count`](count.md),
-which all resolve to the *last* member with a given key. See the
+which all resolve to the *first* member with a given key. See the
 [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of `operator[]`.
 
 Because objects are iterated in document order rather than sorted by key, the order seen here can differ from what

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/contains.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
 ## Complexity
 
 1. Linear in the number of members: as for [`ordered_json`](../ordered_json.md), members are compared one after
-   another, in document order, scanning all of them, since the last match is wanted. Each comparison first checks the
+   another, in document order, stopping at the first match. Each comparison first checks the
    key's length -- already known from the index, without reading the key bytes -- before comparing its content.
    Objects with 128 or more members get a hash index while parsing, so that a lookup in them takes constant time
    on average.
@@ -43,6 +43,13 @@ No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
 
 ## Notes
 
+!!! warning "Duplicate keys: the first member wins"
+
+    If the source text repeats a key, this resolves to the *first* member with it, not to the last one that
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) and `parse()` keep. See the [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of
+    `operator[]` and [Duplicate keys](../../features/json_view.md#duplicate-keys) for the reasons and for how to get
+    the last value.
+
 Overload 1 always returns `#!cpp false` when the value is not an object -- including a [discarded](is_discarded.md)
 view.
 

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/count.md

@@ -24,13 +24,20 @@ No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
 ## Complexity
 
 Linear in the number of members: as for [`ordered_json`](../ordered_json.md), members are compared one after another,
-in document order, scanning all of them, since the last match is wanted. Each comparison first checks the key's length
+in document order, stopping at the first match. Each comparison first checks the key's length
 -- already known from the index, without reading the key bytes -- before comparing its content.
 Objects with 128 or more members get a hash index while parsing, so that a lookup in them takes constant time on
 average.
 
 ## Notes
 
+!!! warning "Duplicate keys: the first member wins"
+
+    If the source text repeats a key, this resolves to the *first* member with it, not to the last one that
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) and `parse()` keep. See the [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of
+    `operator[]` and [Duplicate keys](../../features/json_view.md#duplicate-keys) for the reasons and for how to get
+    the last value.
+
 This method always returns `#!cpp 0` when the value is not an object -- including a [discarded](is_discarded.md)
 view.
 
@@ -38,7 +45,7 @@ Unlike [`BasicJsonType::count()`](../basic_json/count.md), whose return value ca
 an `ObjectType` that allows multiple entries per key, `count()` here never does: it is exactly
 [`contains()`](contains.md) as `#!cpp 0`/`#!cpp 1`. This holds even if the source text has a duplicate key -- see the
 [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of `operator[]` -- because a `#!cpp count() > 1` result would require
-counting every member with a matching key (the lookup functions resolve to the *last* one).
+counting every member with a matching key (the lookup functions resolve to the *first* one).
 
 ## Examples
 

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/find.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ iterator find(const char* key) const;
 iterator find(const string_t& key) const;
 ```
 
-Finds a member with key `key` -- the last one, should the key occur more than once (see
+Finds a member with key `key` -- the first one, should the key occur more than once (see
 [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes)). If the value is not an object, or no member has this key,
 [`end()`](end.md) is returned.
 
@@ -26,13 +26,20 @@ No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.
 ## Complexity
 
 Linear in the number of members: as for [`ordered_json`](../ordered_json.md), members are compared one after another,
-in document order, scanning all of them, since the last match is wanted. Each comparison first checks the key's length
+in document order, stopping at the first match. Each comparison first checks the key's length
 -- already known from the index, without reading the key bytes -- before comparing its content.
 Objects with 128 or more members get a hash index while parsing, so that a lookup in them takes constant time on
 average.
 
 ## Notes
 
+!!! warning "Duplicate keys: the first member wins"
+
+    If the source text repeats a key, this resolves to the *first* member with it, not to the last one that
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) and `parse()` keep. See the [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of
+    `operator[]` and [Duplicate keys](../../features/json_view.md#duplicate-keys) for the reasons and for how to get
+    the last value.
+
 Unlike [`BasicJsonType::find`](../basic_json/find.md), which always returns `#!cpp end()` for a non-object type, this
 also does so for a [discarded](is_discarded.md) view -- there is no separate "invalid" iterator to return.
 

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/get.md

@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@ exception thrown while converting through `materialize()` (the last bullet) is d
 !!! info "Duplicate keys"
 
     `#!cpp std::map`/`#!cpp std::unordered_map` conversions keep the *last* value of a repeated key, like
-    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) and [`BasicJsonType::parse()`](../basic_json/parse.md) do. This is the member
-    [`operator[]`](operator[].md)/[`at`](at.md)/[`find`](find.md)/[`contains`](contains.md) resolve to, too (see the
-    [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes)).
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) and [`BasicJsonType::parse()`](../basic_json/parse.md) do. This is the opposite
+    of [`operator[]`](operator[].md)/[`at`](at.md)/[`find`](find.md)/[`contains`](contains.md), which resolve to the
+    *first* occurrence (see the [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes)).
 
 !!! info "No pointers, references, or implicit conversion"
 

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/items.md

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Constant.
 
 As for [`begin()`](begin.md)/[`end()`](end.md), `items()` visits **every** member of an object, including all
 occurrences of a duplicate key -- unlike [`operator[]`](operator[].md), [`at`](at.md), [`find`](find.md),
-[`contains`](contains.md), and [`count`](count.md), which resolve to the *last* member with a given key. See the
+[`contains`](contains.md), and [`count`](count.md), which resolve to the *first* member with a given key. See the
 [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of `operator[]`.
 
 !!! danger "Lifetime issues"
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ occurrences of a duplicate key -- unlike [`operator[]`](operator[].md), [`at`](a
 
     The example below shows a settings object whose source text records every update to a key as a duplicate
     member, in the order they happened. `items()` walks all of them, so the update history is visible, while
-    [`operator[]`](operator[].md) sees the *last* one, and so does [`materialize()`](materialize.md) -- like
-    [`BasicJsonType::parse()`](../basic_json/parse.md).
+    [`operator[]`](operator[].md) only ever sees the *first* one and [`materialize()`](materialize.md) -- like
+    [`BasicJsonType::parse()`](../basic_json/parse.md) -- keeps only the *last*.
 
     ```cpp
     --8<-- "examples/basic_json_view__items.cpp"

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/operator[].md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ basic_json_view operator[](IntegerType idx) const;
 basic_json_view operator[](const json_pointer& ptr) const;
 ```
 
-1. Returns the value of the object member with key `key` -- the last one, should the key occur more than once (see
+1. Returns the value of the object member with key `key` -- the first one, should the key occur more than once (see
    the [Notes](#notes) below) -- or a [discarded](is_discarded.md) view if there is no such member.
 2. Returns the array element at index `idx`, or a [discarded](is_discarded.md) view if `idx` is out of range. The
    template accepts every integer type except `#!cpp bool` and `#!cpp std::size_t` (`#!cpp int`, `#!cpp unsigned`,
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ basic_json_view operator[](const json_pointer& ptr) const;
 
 ## Return value
 
-1. the value of the last member with key `key`, or a discarded view if no member has this key (or if this view is
+1. the value of the first member with key `key`, or a discarded view if no member has this key (or if this view is
    [discarded](is_discarded.md))
 2. the element at index `idx`, or a discarded view if `#!cpp idx >= size()` or `idx` is negative (or if this view is
    [discarded](is_discarded.md))
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ None of these exceptions carry a [`JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`](../macros/json_diagnostics
 ## Complexity
 
 1. Linear in the number of members: as for [`ordered_json`](../ordered_json.md), members are compared one after
-   another, in document order, scanning all of them, since the last match is wanted. Each comparison first checks the
+   another, in document order, stopping at the first match. Each comparison first checks the
    key's length -- already known from the index, without reading the key bytes -- before comparing its content, so a
    key of a different length than `key` is rejected without touching the source text.
    Objects with 128 or more members get a hash index while parsing, so that a lookup in them takes constant time
@@ -107,16 +107,18 @@ document.
     key on an array or a primitive, or an index on an object or a primitive, is `type_error.305` as for
     `BasicJsonType`. [`at`](at.md) still throws for a discarded view, as it does for a missing key.
 
-!!! info "Duplicate keys"
+!!! warning "Duplicate keys: the first member wins"
 
     If the source text has an object with a duplicate key, `#!cpp operator[]` (and [`at`](at.md), [`find`](find.md),
     [`contains`](contains.md), [`count`](count.md), [`value`](value.md), and JSON pointer resolution) all resolve to
-    the *last* member with that key. This is the member [`materialize()`](materialize.md) (and
-    [`BasicJsonType::parse()`](../basic_json/parse.md)) keeps, so a lookup in the view and in the materialized value
-    agree. [`begin()`](begin.md)/[`end()`](end.md) and [`items()`](items.md) iterate over *all* members, including
-    duplicates, in document order. A lookup in an object without a hash index scans all members for this: it cannot
-    stop at the first match. The hash index of a larger object (128 members or more) leads to the last member of a key
-    as well. See the example below and [`size()`](size.md#notes).
+    the *first* member with that key, because a lookup can stop as soon as it finds a match. This is different from
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) (and [`BasicJsonType::parse()`](../basic_json/parse.md)), which replay every
+    member in order and so keep the *last* value for a repeated key, so `#!cpp v["a"]` and
+    `#!cpp v.materialize()["a"]` can differ. To get the value `parse()` would give, use
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) or iterate the members with [`items()`](items.md) and keep the last match.
+    [`begin()`](begin.md)/[`end()`](end.md) and [`items()`](items.md) iterate over *all* members, including
+    duplicates, in document order. See [Duplicate keys](../../features/json_view.md#duplicate-keys) and
+    [`size()`](size.md#notes).
 
 !!! info "JSON pointer resolution"
 

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/operator_eq.md

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ bool operator==(const BasicJsonType& lhs, const basic_json_view& rhs);
 Neither overload builds a `BasicJsonType` value for a view to do the comparison (see [Notes](#notes) below). Numbers
 compare by value across their types (`#!cpp 1 == 1.0`), and an object compares by its members, with duplicate keys
 resolved exactly as `parse()` resolves them -- the last value, at the position of the first occurrence of the key.
+This is not what [`operator[]`](operator[].md) and the other lookups return for a duplicate key: they find the *first*
+member (see [Duplicate keys](../../features/json_view.md#duplicate-keys)).
 
 ## Parameters
 

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/value.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ T value(const json_pointer& ptr, const T& default_value) const;
 string_t value(const json_pointer& ptr, const char* default_value) const;
 ```
 
-1. Returns the value of the object member with key `key` -- the last one, should the key occur more than once (see
+1. Returns the value of the object member with key `key` -- the first one, should the key occur more than once (see
    [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes)) -- converted to `T`, or `default_value` if there is no such member.
 2. Returns the value a JSON pointer `ptr` refers to, starting at this value, converted to `T`, or `default_value` if
    `ptr` cannot be resolved.
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ equivalent) deduce `string_t`, not `const char*`, for their return type and for
 
 ## Return value
 
-1. the last member with key `key`, converted to `T`, or `default_value`
+1. the first member with key `key`, converted to `T`, or `default_value`
 2. the value `ptr` resolves to, converted to `T`, or `default_value`
 
 ## Exception safety
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ None of these exceptions carry a [`JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`](../macros/json_diagnostics
 ## Complexity
 
 1. Linear in the number of members: as for [`operator[]`](operator[].md#complexity), members are compared one after
-   another, in document order, scanning all of them, since the last match is wanted. Plus the complexity of converting
+   another, in document order, stopping at the first match. Plus the complexity of converting
    the found member to `T` (see [`get`](get.md)).
    Objects with 128 or more members get a hash index while parsing, so that a lookup in them takes constant time
    on average.
@@ -79,6 +79,13 @@ None of these exceptions carry a [`JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`](../macros/json_diagnostics
 
 ## Notes
 
+!!! warning "Duplicate keys: the first member wins"
+
+    If the source text repeats a key, this resolves to the *first* member with it, not to the last one that
+    [`materialize()`](materialize.md) and `parse()` keep. See the [Notes on duplicate keys](operator[].md#notes) of
+    `operator[]` and [Duplicate keys](../../features/json_view.md#duplicate-keys) for the reasons and for how to get
+    the last value.
+
 !!! info "Differences to `at` and `operator[]`"
 
     Unlike [`at`](at.md), this function does not throw if `key`/`ptr` resolves to no value. Unlike