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</code></pre></div> </details> <p>When accessing an invalid index (i.e., an index greater than or equal to the array size) or the passed object key is non-existing, an exception is thrown.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Accessing via invalid index or missing key</summary> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>j</span><span class=p>.</span><span class=n>at</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=s>&quot;hobbies&quot;</span><span class=p>).</span><span class=n>at</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>)</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s>&quot;cooking&quot;</span><span class=p>;</span><span class=w></span>
</code></pre></div> <p>This code produces the following exception:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.out_of_range.401] array index 3 is out of range
</code></pre></div> <p>When you <a href=../../../home/exceptions/#extended-diagnostic-messages>extended diagnostic messages</a> are enabled by defining <a href=../../../api/macros/json_diagnostics/ ><code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></a>, the exception further gives information where the key or index is missing or out of range.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.out_of_range.401] (/hobbies) array index 3 is out of range
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=notes>Notes<a class=headerlink href=#notes title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Exceptions</p> <ul> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/at/ ><code>at</code></a> can only be used with objects (with a string argument) or with arrays (with a numeric argument). For other types, a <a href=../../../home/exceptions/#jsonexceptiontype_error304><code>basic_json::type_error</code></a> is thrown.</li> <li><a href=../../../home/exceptions/#out-of-range><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception</a> exceptions are thrown if the provided key is not found in an object or the provided index is invalid.</li> </ul> </div> <h2 id=summary>Summary<a class=headerlink href=#summary title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>scenario</th> <th>non-const value</th> <th>const value</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>access to existing object key</td> <td>reference to existing value is returned</td> <td>const reference to existing value is returned</td> </tr> <tr> <td>access to valid array index</td> <td>reference to existing value is returned</td> <td>const reference to existing value is returned</td> </tr> <tr> <td>access to non-existing object key</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>access to invalid array index</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <hr> <div class=md-source-file> <small> Last update: <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">March 8, 2023</span> </small> </div> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var tab,labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> </div> <a href=# class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12Z"/></svg> Back to top </a> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label=Footer> <a href=../unchecked_access/ class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="Previous: Unchecked access: operator[]" rel=prev> <div class="md-footer__button md-icon"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg> </div> <div class=md-footer__title> <div class=md-ellipsis> <span class=md-footer__direction> Previous </span> Unchecked access: operator[] </div> </div> </a> <a href=../default_value/ class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="Next: Access with default value: value" rel=next> <div class=md-footer__title> <div class=md-ellipsis> <span class=md-footer__direction> Next </span> Access with default value: value </div> </div> <div class="md-footer__button md-icon"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg> </div> </a> </nav> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013 - 2022 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href=https://github.com/nlohmann target=_blank rel=noopener title=github.com class=md-social__link> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 496 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1Line truncated
</code></pre></div> </details> <h2 id=notes>Notes<a class=headerlink href=#notes title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Exceptions</p> <ul> <li><a href=../../../api/basic_json/at/ ><code>at</code></a> can only be used with objects (with a string argument) or with arrays (with a numeric argument). For other types, a <a href=../../../home/exceptions/#jsonexceptiontype_error304><code>basic_json::type_error</code></a> is thrown.</li> <li><a href=../../../home/exceptions/#out-of-range><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception</a> exceptions are thrown if the provided key is not found in an object or the provided index is invalid.</li> </ul> </div> <h2 id=summary>Summary<a class=headerlink href=#summary title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>scenario</th> <th>non-const value</th> <th>const value</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>access to existing object key</td> <td>reference to existing value is returned</td> <td>const reference to existing value is returned</td> </tr> <tr> <td>access to valid array index</td> <td>reference to existing value is returned</td> <td>const reference to existing value is returned</td> </tr> <tr> <td>access to non-existing object key</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>access to invalid array index</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> <td><code>basic_json::out_of_range</code> exception is thrown</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <hr> <div class=md-source-file> <small> Last update: <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">May 17, 2022</span> </small> </div> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var tab,labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> </div> <a href=# class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12Z"/></svg> Back to top </a> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label=Footer> <a href=../unchecked_access/ class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="Previous: Unchecked access: operator[]" rel=prev> <div class="md-footer__button md-icon"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11h12Z"/></svg> </div> <div class=md-footer__title> <div class=md-ellipsis> <span class=md-footer__direction> Previous </span> Unchecked access: operator[] </div> </div> </a> <a href=../default_value/ class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="Next: Access with default value: value" rel=next> <div class=md-footer__title> <div class=md-ellipsis> <span class=md-footer__direction> Next </span> Access with default value: value </div> </div> <div class="md-footer__button md-icon"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11H4Z"/></svg> </div> </a> </nav> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright &copy; 2013 - 2022 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href=https://github.com/nlohmann target=_blank rel=noopener title=github.com class=md-social__link> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 496 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 6.2.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 Line truncated