deploy: 63c10a51fc
This commit is contained in:
1 parent
2aaa1d24ef
commit
a410b4f40f
741 files changed
+8115
-2252
No files matched your search
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/architecture/" rel="canonical"><link href=../design_goals/ rel=prev><link href=../customers/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Architecture - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#architecture class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Architecture </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-seaLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/architecture/" rel="canonical"><link href=../design_goals/ rel=prev><link href=../customers/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Architecture - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#architecture class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Architecture </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-seaLine truncated
|
||||
input[/"input<br>(string, stream,<br>iterator range, file)"/]
|
||||
ia["input adapter"]
|
||||
lexer["lexer"]
|
||||
@@ -77,4 +77,4 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=k>template</span><span class=o><</span><span class=k>class</span><span class=w> </span><span class=nc>T</span><span class=o>></span>
|
||||
<span class=kt>void</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>from_json</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=k>const</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>basic_json</span><span class=o>&</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>j</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>T</span><span class=o>&</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>t</span><span class=p>);</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>found by argument-dependent lookup. The library defines them for standard types in <code>detail/conversions</code>; users add them for their own types, see <a href=../../features/arbitrary_types/ >Arbitrary Type Conversions</a>. The <a href=../../features/macros/ >serialization macros</a> generate these functions.</p> <h2 id=additional-features>Additional features<a class=headerlink href=#additional-features title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../../features/json_pointer/ ><abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer</a> (class <code>json_pointer</code>) addresses values inside a tree. It is also the basis of <a href=../../features/json_patch/ ><abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch</a>.</li> <li><a href=../../features/binary_formats/ >Binary formats</a> are read by <code>binary_reader</code> and written by <code>binary_writer</code>.</li> <li>A <a href=../../api/basic_json/json_base_class_t/ >custom base class</a> can add members to every <a href=../../api/basic_json/ ><code>basic_json</code></a> value.</li> <li><a href=../../features/macros/ >Serialization macros</a> generate <code>to_json</code> and <code>from_json</code> functions for user-defined types.</li> </ul> <h2 id=details-namespace>Details namespace<a class=headerlink href=#details-namespace title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Namespace <code>nlohmann::detail</code> contains all implementation details. It is not part of the public <abbr title="Application Programming Interfaces">API</abbr> and may change in any release. Besides the components above, it contains:</p> <ul> <li>type traits to detect the capabilities of user-defined types (<code>detail/meta/type_traits.hpp</code>),</li> <li>backports of C++14/17 features to C++11 (<code>detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp</code>), and</li> <li>helpers such as <code>string_concat</code> and <code>string_escape</code>.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="October 2, 2026 09:23:55 UTC">October 2, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright © 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 50Line truncated
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>found by argument-dependent lookup. The library defines them for standard types in <code>detail/conversions</code>; users add them for their own types, see <a href=../../features/arbitrary_types/ >Arbitrary Type Conversions</a>. The <a href=../../features/macros/ >serialization macros</a> generate these functions.</p> <h2 id=additional-features>Additional features<a class=headerlink href=#additional-features title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href=../../features/json_pointer/ ><abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer</a> (class <code>json_pointer</code>) addresses values inside a tree. It is also the basis of <a href=../../features/json_patch/ ><abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch</a>.</li> <li><a href=../../features/binary_formats/ >Binary formats</a> are read by <code>binary_reader</code> and written by <code>binary_writer</code>.</li> <li>A <a href=../../api/basic_json/json_base_class_t/ >custom base class</a> can add members to every <a href=../../api/basic_json/ ><code>basic_json</code></a> value.</li> <li><a href=../../features/macros/ >Serialization macros</a> generate <code>to_json</code> and <code>from_json</code> functions for user-defined types.</li> </ul> <h2 id=details-namespace>Details namespace<a class=headerlink href=#details-namespace title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>Namespace <code>nlohmann::detail</code> contains all implementation details. It is not part of the public <abbr title="Application Programming Interfaces">API</abbr> and may change in any release. Besides the components above, it contains:</p> <ul> <li>type traits to detect the capabilities of user-defined types (<code>detail/meta/type_traits.hpp</code>),</li> <li>backports of C++14/17 features to C++11 (<code>detail/meta/cpp_future.hpp</code>), and</li> <li>helpers such as <code>string_concat</code> and <code>string_escape</code>.</li> </ul> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="September 25, 2026 06:28:00 UTC">September 25, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright © 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 36Line truncated
|
||||
+7
-7
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
|
||||
The library is used in multiple projects, applications, operating systems, etc. The list below is not exhaustive, but
|
||||
the result of an internet search. If you know further customers of the library, [please let me know](mailto:mail@nlohmann.me).
|
||||
|
||||
[](../images/customers.png)
|
||||
[](../images/customers.png)
|
||||
|
||||
## Space Exploration
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ the result of an internet search. If you know further customers of the library,
|
||||
- [**GitHub CodeQL**](https://github.com/github/codeql/blob/main/shared/cpp/Diagnostics.h), a code analysis tool used for identifying security vulnerabilities and bugs in software through semantic queries
|
||||
- [**GoPro ngfx**](https://github.com/gopro/ngfx), a low-level graphics abstraction and profiling framework developed by GoPro
|
||||
- [**gRPC**](https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/tools/artifact_gen/utils.h), a high-performance universal remote procedure call framework
|
||||
- [**Hex-Rays**](https://docs.hex-rays.com/user-guide/user-interface/licenses), a reverse engineering toolset for analyzing and decompiling binaries, primarily used for security research and vulnerability analysis
|
||||
- [**Hex-Rays**](https://docs.hex-rays.com/core/user-interface/concepts/licenses), a reverse engineering toolset for analyzing and decompiling binaries, primarily used for security research and vulnerability analysis
|
||||
- [**ImHex**](https://github.com/WerWolv/ImHex), a hex editor designed for reverse engineering, providing advanced features for data analysis and manipulation
|
||||
- [**Intel GITS**](https://github.com/intel/gits), a tool for capturing and replaying graphics API calls for debugging and performance analysis
|
||||
- [**Intel GPA Framework**](https://intel.github.io/gpasdk-doc/src/licenses.html), a suite of cross-platform tools for capturing, analyzing, and optimizing graphics applications across different APIs
|
||||
@@ -240,9 +240,9 @@ the result of an internet search. If you know further customers of the library,
|
||||
- [**Manticore Search**](https://github.com/manticoresoftware/manticoresearch/blob/main/src/searchdhttpcompat.cpp), a database for search, offering full-text and vector queries
|
||||
- [**Milvus**](https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/blob/master/internal/core/src/query/PlanImpl.h), a cloud-native vector database built for embedding similarity search
|
||||
- [**MongoDB**](https://github.com/mongodb/mongo/blob/master/src/mongo/replay/config_handler.cpp), a general-purpose document database
|
||||
- [**MySQL Connector/C++**](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E17952_01/connector-cpp-9.1-license-com-en/license-opentelemetry-cpp-com.html), a C++ library for connecting and interacting with MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL NDB Cluster**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/cluster-9.0-com-en.pdf), a distributed database system that provides high availability and scalability for MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL Shell**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/mysql-shell-8.0-gpl-en.pdf), an advanced client and code editor for interacting with MySQL servers, supporting SQL, Python, and JavaScript
|
||||
- [**MySQL Connector/C++**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/connector-cpp-26.7-com-en.pdf), a C++ library for connecting and interacting with MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL NDB Cluster**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/cluster-26.7-com-en.pdf), a distributed database system that provides high availability and scalability for MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL Shell**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/mysql-shell-26.7-gpl-en.pdf), an advanced client and code editor for interacting with MySQL servers, supporting SQL, Python, and JavaScript
|
||||
- [**PrestoDB**](https://github.com/prestodb/presto/blob/master/presto-native-execution/presto_cpp/main/Announcer.cpp), a distributed SQL query engine designed for large-scale data analytics, originally developed by Facebook
|
||||
- [**ROOT Data Analysis Framework**](https://root.cern/doc/v614/classnlohmann_1_1basic__json.html), an open-source data analysis framework widely used in high-energy physics and other fields for data processing and visualization
|
||||
- [**Typesense**](https://github.com/typesense/typesense/blob/v31/include/join.h), an open source typo-tolerant search engine
|
||||
@@ -277,11 +277,11 @@ the result of an internet search. If you know further customers of the library,
|
||||
|
||||
- [**Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud**](https://care.acronis.com/s/article/59533-Third-party-software-used-in-Acronis-Cyber-Protect-Cloud?language=en_US), an all-in-one data protection solution that combines backup, disaster recovery, and cybersecurity to safeguard business data from threats like ransomware
|
||||
- [**Baereos**](https://gitlab.tiger-computing.co.uk/packages/bareos/-/blob/tiger/bullseye/third-party/CLI11/examples/json.cpp), a backup solution that provides data protection and recovery options for various environments, including physical and virtual systems
|
||||
- [**Bitdefender Home Scanner**](https://www.bitdefender.de/site/Main/view/home-scanner-open-source.html), a tool from Bitdefender that scans devices for malware and security threats, providing a safeguard against potential online dangers
|
||||
- [**Bitdefender Home Scanner**](https://www.bitdefender.com/site/Main/view/home-scanner-open-source.html), a tool from Bitdefender that scans devices for malware and security threats, providing a safeguard against potential online dangers
|
||||
- [**Cisco MLS++**](https://github.com/cisco/mlspp), an implementation of the Messaging Layer Security protocol for end-to-end encrypted group messaging
|
||||
- [**Citrix Provisioning**](https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/provisioning/2203-ltsr/downloads/pvs-third-party-notices-2203.pdf), a solution that streamlines the delivery of virtual desktops and applications by allowing administrators to manage and provision resources efficiently across multiple environments
|
||||
- [**Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops**](https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/citrix-virtual-apps-desktops/2305/downloads/third-party-notices-apps-and-desktops.pdf), a solution from Citrix that delivers virtual apps and desktops
|
||||
- [**Cyberarc**](https://docs.cyberark.com/Downloads/Legal/Privileged%20Session%20Manager%20for%20SSH%20Third-Party%20Notices.pdf), a security solution that specializes in privileged access management, enabling organizations to control and monitor access to critical systems and data, thereby enhancing overall cybersecurity posture
|
||||
- [**CyberArk**](https://docs.cyberark.com/Downloads/Legal/Privileged%20Session%20Manager%20for%20SSH%20Third-Party%20Notices.pdf), a security solution that specializes in privileged access management, enabling organizations to control and monitor access to critical systems and data, thereby enhancing overall cybersecurity posture
|
||||
- [**Deutsche Telekom sysrepo-plugins**](https://github.com/telekom/sysrepo-plugins), a collection of YANG datastore plugins used to manage network devices
|
||||
- [**Egnyte Desktop**](https://helpdesk.egnyte.com/hc/en-us/articles/360007071732-Third-Party-Software-Acknowledgements), a secure cloud storage solution designed for businesses, enabling file sharing, collaboration, and data management across teams while ensuring compliance and data protection
|
||||
- [**Elster**](https://www.secunet.com/en/about-us/press/article/elstersecure-bietet-komfortablen-login-ohne-passwort-dank-secunet-protect4use), a digital platform developed by German tax authorities for secure and efficient electronic tax filing and management using secunet protect4use
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1 +1 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/customers/" rel="canonical"><link href=../architecture/ rel=prev><link href=../sponsors/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Customers - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#customers class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Customers </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-cLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/customers/" rel="canonical"><link href=../architecture/ rel=prev><link href=../sponsors/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Customers - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#customers class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Customers </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-cLine truncated
|
||||
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ The library is used in multiple projects, applications, operating systems, etc.
|
||||
- [**GitHub CodeQL**](https://github.com/github/codeql/blob/main/shared/cpp/Diagnostics.h), a code analysis tool used for identifying security vulnerabilities and bugs in software through semantic queries
|
||||
- [**GoPro ngfx**](https://github.com/gopro/ngfx), a low-level graphics abstraction and profiling framework developed by GoPro
|
||||
- [**gRPC**](https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/tools/artifact_gen/utils.h), a high-performance universal remote procedure call framework
|
||||
- [**Hex-Rays**](https://docs.hex-rays.com/user-guide/user-interface/licenses), a reverse engineering toolset for analyzing and decompiling binaries, primarily used for security research and vulnerability analysis
|
||||
- [**Hex-Rays**](https://docs.hex-rays.com/core/user-interface/concepts/licenses), a reverse engineering toolset for analyzing and decompiling binaries, primarily used for security research and vulnerability analysis
|
||||
- [**ImHex**](https://github.com/WerWolv/ImHex), a hex editor designed for reverse engineering, providing advanced features for data analysis and manipulation
|
||||
- [**Intel GITS**](https://github.com/intel/gits), a tool for capturing and replaying graphics API calls for debugging and performance analysis
|
||||
- [**Intel GPA Framework**](https://intel.github.io/gpasdk-doc/src/licenses.html), a suite of cross-platform tools for capturing, analyzing, and optimizing graphics applications across different APIs
|
||||
@@ -237,9 +237,9 @@ The library is used in multiple projects, applications, operating systems, etc.
|
||||
- [**Manticore Search**](https://github.com/manticoresoftware/manticoresearch/blob/main/src/searchdhttpcompat.cpp), a database for search, offering full-text and vector queries
|
||||
- [**Milvus**](https://github.com/milvus-io/milvus/blob/master/internal/core/src/query/PlanImpl.h), a cloud-native vector database built for embedding similarity search
|
||||
- [**MongoDB**](https://github.com/mongodb/mongo/blob/master/src/mongo/replay/config_handler.cpp), a general-purpose document database
|
||||
- [**MySQL Connector/C++**](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E17952_01/connector-cpp-9.1-license-com-en/license-opentelemetry-cpp-com.html), a C++ library for connecting and interacting with MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL NDB Cluster**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/cluster-9.0-com-en.pdf), a distributed database system that provides high availability and scalability for MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL Shell**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/mysql-shell-8.0-gpl-en.pdf), an advanced client and code editor for interacting with MySQL servers, supporting SQL, Python, and JavaScript
|
||||
- [**MySQL Connector/C++**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/connector-cpp-26.7-com-en.pdf), a C++ library for connecting and interacting with MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL NDB Cluster**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/cluster-26.7-com-en.pdf), a distributed database system that provides high availability and scalability for MySQL databases
|
||||
- [**MySQL Shell**](https://downloads.mysql.com/docs/licenses/mysql-shell-26.7-gpl-en.pdf), an advanced client and code editor for interacting with MySQL servers, supporting SQL, Python, and JavaScript
|
||||
- [**PrestoDB**](https://github.com/prestodb/presto/blob/master/presto-native-execution/presto_cpp/main/Announcer.cpp), a distributed SQL query engine designed for large-scale data analytics, originally developed by Facebook
|
||||
- [**ROOT Data Analysis Framework**](https://root.cern/doc/v614/classnlohmann_1_1basic__json.html), an open-source data analysis framework widely used in high-energy physics and other fields for data processing and visualization
|
||||
- [**Typesense**](https://github.com/typesense/typesense/blob/v31/include/join.h), an open source typo-tolerant search engine
|
||||
@@ -274,11 +274,11 @@ The library is used in multiple projects, applications, operating systems, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
- [**Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud**](https://care.acronis.com/s/article/59533-Third-party-software-used-in-Acronis-Cyber-Protect-Cloud?language=en_US), an all-in-one data protection solution that combines backup, disaster recovery, and cybersecurity to safeguard business data from threats like ransomware
|
||||
- [**Baereos**](https://gitlab.tiger-computing.co.uk/packages/bareos/-/blob/tiger/bullseye/third-party/CLI11/examples/json.cpp), a backup solution that provides data protection and recovery options for various environments, including physical and virtual systems
|
||||
- [**Bitdefender Home Scanner**](https://www.bitdefender.de/site/Main/view/home-scanner-open-source.html), a tool from Bitdefender that scans devices for malware and security threats, providing a safeguard against potential online dangers
|
||||
- [**Bitdefender Home Scanner**](https://www.bitdefender.com/site/Main/view/home-scanner-open-source.html), a tool from Bitdefender that scans devices for malware and security threats, providing a safeguard against potential online dangers
|
||||
- [**Cisco MLS++**](https://github.com/cisco/mlspp), an implementation of the Messaging Layer Security protocol for end-to-end encrypted group messaging
|
||||
- [**Citrix Provisioning**](https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/provisioning/2203-ltsr/downloads/pvs-third-party-notices-2203.pdf), a solution that streamlines the delivery of virtual desktops and applications by allowing administrators to manage and provision resources efficiently across multiple environments
|
||||
- [**Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops**](https://docs.citrix.com/en-us/citrix-virtual-apps-desktops/2305/downloads/third-party-notices-apps-and-desktops.pdf), a solution from Citrix that delivers virtual apps and desktops
|
||||
- [**Cyberarc**](https://docs.cyberark.com/Downloads/Legal/Privileged%20Session%20Manager%20for%20SSH%20Third-Party%20Notices.pdf), a security solution that specializes in privileged access management, enabling organizations to control and monitor access to critical systems and data, thereby enhancing overall cybersecurity posture
|
||||
- [**CyberArk**](https://docs.cyberark.com/Downloads/Legal/Privileged%20Session%20Manager%20for%20SSH%20Third-Party%20Notices.pdf), a security solution that specializes in privileged access management, enabling organizations to control and monitor access to critical systems and data, thereby enhancing overall cybersecurity posture
|
||||
- [**Deutsche Telekom sysrepo-plugins**](https://github.com/telekom/sysrepo-plugins), a collection of YANG datastore plugins used to manage network devices
|
||||
- [**Egnyte Desktop**](https://helpdesk.egnyte.com/hc/en-us/articles/360007071732-Third-Party-Software-Acknowledgements), a secure cloud storage solution designed for businesses, enabling file sharing, collaboration, and data management across teams while ensuring compliance and data protection
|
||||
- [**Elster**](https://www.secunet.com/en/about-us/press/article/elstersecure-bietet-komfortablen-login-ohne-passwort-dank-secunet-protect4use), a digital platform developed by German tax authorities for secure and efficient electronic tax filing and management using secunet protect4use
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1 +1 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/debugging/" rel="canonical"><link href=../sponsors/ rel=prev><link href=../../features/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Debugging - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#debugging class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Debugging </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-coLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/debugging/" rel="canonical"><link href=../sponsors/ rel=prev><link href=../../features/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Debugging - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#debugging class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Debugging </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-coLine truncated
|
||||
@@ -1 +1 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/design_goals/" rel="canonical"><link href=../releases/ rel=prev><link href=../architecture/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Design goals - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#design-goals class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Design goals </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-searLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/design_goals/" rel="canonical"><link href=../releases/ rel=prev><link href=../architecture/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Design goals - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#design-goals class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Design goals </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-searLine truncated
|
||||
+23
-23
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Exceptions are used widely within the library. They can, however, be switched of
|
||||
|
||||
Note that [`JSON_THROW_USER`](../api/macros/json_throw_user.md) should leave the current scope (e.g., by throwing or aborting), as continuing after it may yield undefined behavior.
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: switch off exceptions and log errors before aborting"
|
||||
|
||||
The code below switches off exceptions and creates a log entry with a detailed error message in case of errors.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ See [documentation of `JSON_TRY_USER`, `JSON_CATCH_USER` and `JSON_THROW_USER`](
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions in the library are thrown in the local context of the JSON value they are detected. This makes detailed diagnostics messages, and hence debugging, difficult.
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: standard diagnostic message"
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
--8<-- "examples/diagnostics_standard.cpp"
|
||||
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ To create better diagnostics messages, each JSON value needs a pointer to its pa
|
||||
|
||||
As this global context comes at the price of storing one additional pointer per JSON value and runtime overhead to maintain the parent relation, extended diagnostics are disabled by default. They can, however, be enabled by defining the preprocessor symbol [`JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`](../api/macros/json_diagnostics.md) to `1` before including `json.hpp`.
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: extended diagnostic message with `JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`"
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
--8<-- "examples/diagnostics_extended.cpp"
|
||||
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ Exceptions have ids 1xx.
|
||||
is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file. This also
|
||||
holds true when reading a byte vector (CBOR or MessagePack).
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: catch a `parse_error` exception"
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how a `parse_error` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ the expected semantics.
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 2xx.
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: catch an `invalid_iterator` exception"
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how an `invalid_iterator` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ The iterators passed to constructor `basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last)` ar
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.invalid_iterator.202
|
||||
|
||||
In the [erase](../api/basic_json/erase.md) or insert function, the passed iterator `pos` does not belong to the JSON value for which the function was called. It hence does not define a valid position for the deletion/insertion.
|
||||
In the [erase](../api/basic_json/erase.md) or [insert](../api/basic_json/insert.md) function, the passed iterator `pos` does not belong to the JSON value for which the function was called. It hence does not define a valid position for the deletion/insertion.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example messages"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ When an iterator range for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is pass
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.invalid_iterator.205
|
||||
|
||||
When an iterator for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to an [erase](../api/basic_json/erase.md) function, the iterator has to be the `begin()` iterator, because it is the only way to address the stored value. All other iterators are invalid.
|
||||
When an iterator for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to an [erase](../api/basic_json/erase.md) function, the iterator has to be the [`begin()`](../api/basic_json/begin.md) iterator, because it is the only way to address the stored value. All other iterators are invalid.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ The order of object iterators cannot be compared, because JSON objects are unord
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.invalid_iterator.214
|
||||
|
||||
Cannot retrieve value from iterator: The iterator either refers to a null value, or it refers to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but does not match the iterator returned by `begin()`.
|
||||
Cannot retrieve value from iterator: The iterator either refers to a null value, or it refers to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but does not match the iterator returned by [`begin()`](../api/basic_json/begin.md).
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ This exception is thrown in case of a type error; that is, a library function is
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 3xx.
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: catch a `type_error` exception"
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how a `type_error` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ To retrieve a reference to a value stored in a `basic_json` object with `get_ref
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.304
|
||||
|
||||
The `at()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`at()`](../api/basic_json/at.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example messages"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -624,7 +624,7 @@ The `at()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.305
|
||||
|
||||
The `operator[]` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`operator[]`](../api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example messages"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ The `operator[]` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.306
|
||||
|
||||
The `value()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`value()`](../api/basic_json/value.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ The [`erase()`](../api/basic_json/erase.md) member functions can only be execute
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.308
|
||||
|
||||
The `push_back()` and `operator+=` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`push_back()`](../api/basic_json/push_back.md) and [`operator+=`](../api/basic_json/operator+=.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ The `push_back()` and `operator+=` member functions can only be executed for cer
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.309
|
||||
|
||||
The `insert()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`insert()`](../api/basic_json/insert.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example messages"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ The `insert()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.310
|
||||
|
||||
The `swap()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`swap()`](../api/basic_json/swap.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@ The `swap()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.311
|
||||
|
||||
The `emplace()` and `emplace_back()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`emplace()`](../api/basic_json/emplace.md) and [`emplace_back()`](../api/basic_json/emplace_back.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example messages"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ The `emplace()` and `emplace_back()` member functions can only be executed for c
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.312
|
||||
|
||||
The `update()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`update()`](../api/basic_json/update.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ The `update()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.313
|
||||
|
||||
The `unflatten` function converts an object whose keys are JSON Pointers back into an arbitrary nested JSON value. The JSON Pointers must not overlap, because then the resulting value would not be well-defined.
|
||||
The [`unflatten()`](../api/basic_json/unflatten.md) function converts an object whose keys are JSON Pointers back into an arbitrary nested JSON value. The JSON Pointers must not overlap, because then the resulting value would not be well-defined.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ The `unflatten` function converts an object whose keys are JSON Pointers back in
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.314
|
||||
|
||||
The `unflatten` function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers.
|
||||
The [`unflatten()`](../api/basic_json/unflatten.md) function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ The `unflatten` function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.315
|
||||
|
||||
The `unflatten()` function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers and whose values are primitive.
|
||||
The [`unflatten()`](../api/basic_json/unflatten.md) function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers and whose values are primitive.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ The `unflatten()` function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.316
|
||||
|
||||
The `dump()` function only works with UTF-8 encoded strings; that is, if you assign a `std::string` to a JSON value, make sure it is UTF-8 encoded.
|
||||
The [`dump()`](../api/basic_json/dump.md) function only works with UTF-8 encoded strings; that is, if you assign a `std::string` to a JSON value, make sure it is UTF-8 encoded. See the FAQ entry on [serializing untrusted or invalid UTF-8](faq.md#serializing-untrusted-or-invalid-utf-8) for background and the recommended fix.
|
||||
|
||||
!!! failure "Example message"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ This exception is thrown in case a library function is called on an input parame
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 4xx.
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: catch an `out_of_range` exception"
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how an `out_of_range` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1009,7 +1009,7 @@ other exception types.
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 5xx.
|
||||
|
||||
??? example
|
||||
??? example "Example: catch an `other_error` exception"
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how an `other_error` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
+29
-29
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/" rel="canonical"><link href=../faq/ rel=prev><link href=../releases/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Exceptions - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#exceptions class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Exceptions </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-componLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/exceptions/" rel="canonical"><link href=../faq/ rel=prev><link href=../releases/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Exceptions - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#exceptions class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Exceptions </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-componLine truncated
|
||||
direction LR
|
||||
class `std::exception` {
|
||||
<<interface>>
|
||||
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
|
||||
`json::exception` <|-- `json::invalid_iterator`
|
||||
`json::exception` <|-- `json::type_error`
|
||||
`json::exception` <|-- `json::out_of_range`
|
||||
`json::exception` <|-- `json::other_error`</code></pre> <h3 id=switch-off-exceptions>Switch off exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#switch-off-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>Exceptions are used widely within the library. They can, however, be switched off with either using the compiler flag <code>-fno-exceptions</code> or by defining the symbol <a href=../../api/macros/json_noexception/ ><code>JSON_NOEXCEPTION</code></a>. In this case, exceptions are replaced by <code>abort()</code> calls. You can further control this behavior by defining <code>JSON_THROW_USER</code> (overriding <code class=highlight><span class=k>throw</span></code>), <code>JSON_TRY_USER</code> (overriding <code class=highlight><span class=k>try</span></code>), and <code>JSON_CATCH_USER</code> (overriding <code class=highlight><span class=k>catch</span></code>).</p> <p>Note that <a href=../../api/macros/json_throw_user/ ><code>JSON_THROW_USER</code></a> should leave the current scope (e.g., by throwing or aborting), as continuing after it may yield undefined behavior.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <p>The code below switches off exceptions and creates a log entry with a detailed error message in case of errors.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
`json::exception` <|-- `json::other_error`</code></pre> <h3 id=switch-off-exceptions>Switch off exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#switch-off-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>Exceptions are used widely within the library. They can, however, be switched off with either using the compiler flag <code>-fno-exceptions</code> or by defining the symbol <a href=../../api/macros/json_noexception/ ><code>JSON_NOEXCEPTION</code></a>. In this case, exceptions are replaced by <code>abort()</code> calls. You can further control this behavior by defining <code>JSON_THROW_USER</code> (overriding <code class=highlight><span class=k>throw</span></code>), <code>JSON_TRY_USER</code> (overriding <code class=highlight><span class=k>try</span></code>), and <code>JSON_CATCH_USER</code> (overriding <code class=highlight><span class=k>catch</span></code>).</p> <p>Note that <a href=../../api/macros/json_throw_user/ ><code>JSON_THROW_USER</code></a> should leave the current scope (e.g., by throwing or aborting), as continuing after it may yield undefined behavior.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example: switch off exceptions and log errors before aborting</summary> <p>The code below switches off exceptions and creates a log entry with a detailed error message in case of errors.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=cp>#define JSON_TRY_USER if(true)</span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#define JSON_CATCH_USER(exception) if(false)</span>
|
||||
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
|
||||
<span class=cp> std::abort();}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </details> <p>Note the explanatory <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/error/exception/what"><code>what()</code></a> string of exceptions is not available for <abbr title="Microsoft Visual C++">MSVC</abbr> if exceptions are disabled, see <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/discussions/2824">#2824</a>.</p> <p>See <a href=../../api/macros/json_throw_user/ >documentation of <code>JSON_TRY_USER</code>, <code>JSON_CATCH_USER</code> and <code>JSON_THROW_USER</code></a> for more information.</p> <h3 id=extended-diagnostic-messages>Extended diagnostic messages<a class=headerlink href=#extended-diagnostic-messages title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>Exceptions in the library are thrown in the local context of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value they are detected. This makes detailed diagnostics messages, and hence debugging, difficult.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </details> <p>Note the explanatory <a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/error/exception/what"><code>what()</code></a> string of exceptions is not available for <abbr title="Microsoft Visual C++">MSVC</abbr> if exceptions are disabled, see <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/discussions/2824">#2824</a>.</p> <p>See <a href=../../api/macros/json_throw_user/ >documentation of <code>JSON_TRY_USER</code>, <code>JSON_CATCH_USER</code> and <code>JSON_THROW_USER</code></a> for more information.</p> <h3 id=extended-diagnostic-messages>Extended diagnostic messages<a class=headerlink href=#extended-diagnostic-messages title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>Exceptions in the library are thrown in the local context of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value they are detected. This makes detailed diagnostics messages, and hence debugging, difficult.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example: standard diagnostic message</summary> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=k>using</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>nlohmann</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>json</span><span class=p>;</span>
|
||||
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
|
||||
<span class=w> </span><span class=p>}</span>
|
||||
<span class=p>}</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.302] type must be number, but is string
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>This exception can be hard to debug if storing the value <code class=highlight><span class=s>"12"</span></code> and accessing it is further apart.</p> </details> <p>To create better diagnostics messages, each <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value needs a pointer to its parent value such that a global context (i.e., a path from the root value to the value that led to the exception) can be created. That global context is provided as <a href=../../features/json_pointer/ ><abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer</a>.</p> <p>As this global context comes at the price of storing one additional pointer per <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value and runtime overhead to maintain the parent relation, extended diagnostics are disabled by default. They can, however, be enabled by defining the preprocessor symbol <a href=../../api/macros/json_diagnostics/ ><code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></a> to <code>1</code> before including <code>json.hpp</code>.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>This exception can be hard to debug if storing the value <code class=highlight><span class=s>"12"</span></code> and accessing it is further apart.</p> </details> <p>To create better diagnostics messages, each <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value needs a pointer to its parent value such that a global context (i.e., a path from the root value to the value that led to the exception) can be created. That global context is provided as <a href=../../features/json_pointer/ ><abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer</a>.</p> <p>As this global context comes at the price of storing one additional pointer per <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value and runtime overhead to maintain the parent relation, extended diagnostics are disabled by default. They can, however, be enabled by defining the preprocessor symbol <a href=../../api/macros/json_diagnostics/ ><code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></a> to <code>1</code> before including <code>json.hpp</code>.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example: extended diagnostic message with <code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></summary> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=cp># define JSON_DIAGNOSTICS 1</span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
|
||||
<span class=w> </span><span class=p>}</span>
|
||||
<span class=p>}</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.302] (/address/housenumber) type must be number, but is string
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>Now the exception message contains a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer <code>/address/housenumber</code> that indicates which value has the wrong type.</p> </details> <p>See <a href=../../api/macros/json_diagnostics/ >documentation of <code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></a> for more information.</p> <h2 id=parse-errors>Parse errors<a class=headerlink href=#parse-errors title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>The library throws this exception when a parse error occurs. Parse errors can occur during the deserialization of <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> text, <abbr title="Concise Binary Object Representation">CBOR</abbr>, MessagePack, as well as when using <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 1xx.</p> <div class="admonition info"> <p class=admonition-title>Byte index</p> <p>Member <code>byte</code> holds the byte index of the last read character in the input file.</p> <p>For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and n+1 is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file. This also holds true when reading a byte vector (<abbr title="Concise Binary Object Representation">CBOR</abbr> or MessagePack).</p> </div> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <p>The following code shows how a <code>parse_error</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>Now the exception message contains a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointer <code>/address/housenumber</code> that indicates which value has the wrong type.</p> </details> <p>See <a href=../../api/macros/json_diagnostics/ >documentation of <code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></a> for more information.</p> <h2 id=parse-errors>Parse errors<a class=headerlink href=#parse-errors title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>The library throws this exception when a parse error occurs. Parse errors can occur during the deserialization of <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> text, <abbr title="Concise Binary Object Representation">CBOR</abbr>, MessagePack, as well as when using <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 1xx.</p> <div class="admonition info"> <p class=admonition-title>Byte index</p> <p>Member <code>byte</code> holds the byte index of the last read character in the input file.</p> <p>For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and n+1 is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file. This also holds true when reading a byte vector (<abbr title="Concise Binary Object Representation">CBOR</abbr> or MessagePack).</p> </div> <details class=example> <summary>Example: catch a <code>parse_error</code> exception</summary> <p>The following code shows how a <code>parse_error</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=k>using</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>nlohmann</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>json</span><span class=p>;</span>
|
||||
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ byte position of error: 8
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.parse_error.113] parse error at byte 3: syntax error while parsing CBOR string: invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionparse_error114>json.exception.parse_error.114<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionparse_error114 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The parsing of the corresponding <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr> record type is not implemented (yet).</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.parse_error.114] parse error at byte 5: Unsupported BSON record type 0xFF
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionparse_error115>json.exception.parse_error.115<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionparse_error115 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>A <abbr title="Universal Binary JSON">UBJSON</abbr> high-precision number could not be parsed.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.parse_error.115] parse error at byte 5: syntax error while parsing UBJSON high-precision number: invalid number text: 1A
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h2 id=iterator-errors>Iterator errors<a class=headerlink href=#iterator-errors title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown if iterators passed to a library function do not match the expected semantics.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 2xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <p>The following code shows how an <code>invalid_iterator</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h2 id=iterator-errors>Iterator errors<a class=headerlink href=#iterator-errors title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown if iterators passed to a library function do not match the expected semantics.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 2xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example: catch an <code>invalid_iterator</code> exception</summary> <p>The following code shows how an <code>invalid_iterator</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=k>using</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>nlohmann</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>json</span><span class=p>;</span>
|
||||
@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ byte position of error: 8
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>Output:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>message: [json.exception.invalid_iterator.207] cannot use key() for non-object iterators
|
||||
exception id: 207
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </details> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator201>json.exception.invalid_iterator.201<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator201 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The iterators passed to constructor <code>basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last)</code> are not compatible, meaning they do not belong to the same container. Therefore, the range (<code>first</code>, <code>last</code>) is invalid.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.201] iterators are not compatible
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator202>json.exception.invalid_iterator.202<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator202 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>In the <a href=../../api/basic_json/erase/ >erase</a> or insert function, the passed iterator <code>pos</code> does not belong to the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value for which the function was called. It hence does not define a valid position for the deletion/insertion.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.202] iterator does not fit current value
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator202>json.exception.invalid_iterator.202<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator202 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>In the <a href=../../api/basic_json/erase/ >erase</a> or <a href=../../api/basic_json/insert/ >insert</a> function, the passed iterator <code>pos</code> does not belong to the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value for which the function was called. It hence does not define a valid position for the deletion/insertion.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.202] iterator does not fit current value
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.202] iterators first and last must point to objects
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator203>json.exception.invalid_iterator.203<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator203 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>Either iterator passed to function <a href=../../api/basic_json/erase/ ><code>erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last</code>)</a> does not belong to the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value from which values shall be erased. It hence does not define a valid range to delete values from.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.203] iterators do not fit current value
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator204>json.exception.invalid_iterator.204<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator204 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>When an iterator range for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to a constructor or an <a href=../../api/basic_json/erase/ >erase</a> function, this range has to be exactly (<code>begin(),</code> <code>end()),</code> because this is the only way the single stored value is expressed. All other ranges are invalid.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.204] iterators out of range
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator205>json.exception.invalid_iterator.205<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator205 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>When an iterator for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to an <a href=../../api/basic_json/erase/ >erase</a> function, the iterator has to be the <code>begin()</code> iterator, because it is the only way to address the stored value. All other iterators are invalid.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.205] iterator out of range
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator205>json.exception.invalid_iterator.205<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator205 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>When an iterator for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to an <a href=../../api/basic_json/erase/ >erase</a> function, the iterator has to be the <a href=../../api/basic_json/begin/ ><code>begin()</code></a> iterator, because it is the only way to address the stored value. All other iterators are invalid.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.205] iterator out of range
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator206>json.exception.invalid_iterator.206<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator206 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The iterators passed to constructor <code>basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last)</code> belong to a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> null value and hence to not define a valid range.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.206] cannot construct with iterators from null
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator207>json.exception.invalid_iterator.207<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator207 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>key()</code> member function can only be used on iterators belonging to a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> object, because other types do not have a concept of a key.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.207] cannot use key() for non-object iterators
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator208>json.exception.invalid_iterator.208<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator208 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>operator[]</code> to specify a concrete offset cannot be used on iterators belonging to a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> object, because <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> objects are unordered.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.208] cannot use operator[] for object iterators
|
||||
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ exception id: 207
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator211>json.exception.invalid_iterator.211<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator211 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The iterator range passed to the insert function must not be a subrange of the container to insert to.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.211] passed iterators may not belong to container
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator212>json.exception.invalid_iterator.212<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator212 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>When two iterators are compared, they must belong to the same container.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.212] cannot compare iterators of different containers
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator213>json.exception.invalid_iterator.213<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator213 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The order of object iterators cannot be compared, because <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> objects are unordered.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.213] cannot compare order of object iterators
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator214>json.exception.invalid_iterator.214<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator214 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>Cannot retrieve value from iterator: The iterator either refers to a null value, or it refers to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but does not match the iterator returned by <code>begin()</code>.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.214] cannot get value
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h2 id=type-errors>Type errors<a class=headerlink href=#type-errors title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown in case of a type error; that is, a library function is executed on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value whose type does not match the expected semantics.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 3xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <p>The following code shows how a <code>type_error</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator214>json.exception.invalid_iterator.214<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptioninvalid_iterator214 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>Cannot retrieve value from iterator: The iterator either refers to a null value, or it refers to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but does not match the iterator returned by <a href=../../api/basic_json/begin/ ><code>begin()</code></a>.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.invalid_iterator.214] cannot get value
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h2 id=type-errors>Type errors<a class=headerlink href=#type-errors title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown in case of a type error; that is, a library function is executed on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value whose type does not match the expected semantics.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 3xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example: catch a <code>type_error</code> exception</summary> <p>The following code shows how a <code>type_error</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=k>using</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>nlohmann</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>json</span><span class=p>;</span>
|
||||
@@ -204,26 +204,26 @@ exception id: 308
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.302] type must be string, but is object
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error303>json.exception.type_error.303<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error303 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>To retrieve a reference to a value stored in a <code>basic_json</code> object with <code>get_ref</code>, the type of the reference must match the value type. For instance, for a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> array, the <code>ReferenceType</code> must be <code>array_t &</code>.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.303] incompatible ReferenceType for get_ref, actual type is object
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.303] incompatible ReferenceType for get_ref, actual type is number"
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error304>json.exception.type_error.304<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error304 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>at()</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.304] cannot use at() with string
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error304>json.exception.type_error.304<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error304 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/at/ ><code>at()</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.304] cannot use at() with string
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.304] cannot use at() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error305>json.exception.type_error.305<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error305 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>operator[]</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.305] cannot use operator[] with a string argument with array
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error305>json.exception.type_error.305<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error305 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/ ><code>operator[]</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.305] cannot use operator[] with a string argument with array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.305] cannot use operator[] with a numeric argument with object
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error306>json.exception.type_error.306<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error306 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>value()</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.306] cannot use value() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error306>json.exception.type_error.306<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error306 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/value/ ><code>value()</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.306] cannot use value() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error307>json.exception.type_error.307<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error307 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/erase/ ><code>erase()</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.307] cannot use erase() with string
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error308>json.exception.type_error.308<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error308 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>push_back()</code> and <code>operator+=</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.308] cannot use push_back() with string
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error309>json.exception.type_error.309<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error309 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>insert()</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.309] cannot use insert() with array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error308>json.exception.type_error.308<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error308 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/push_back/ ><code>push_back()</code></a> and <a href=../../api/basic_json/operator%2B%3D/ ><code>operator+=</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.308] cannot use push_back() with string
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error309>json.exception.type_error.309<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error309 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/insert/ ><code>insert()</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.309] cannot use insert() with array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.309] cannot use insert() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error310>json.exception.type_error.310<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error310 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>swap()</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.310] cannot use swap() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error311>json.exception.type_error.311<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error311 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>emplace()</code> and <code>emplace_back()</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.311] cannot use emplace() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error310>json.exception.type_error.310<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error310 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/swap/ ><code>swap()</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.310] cannot use swap() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error311>json.exception.type_error.311<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error311 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/emplace/ ><code>emplace()</code></a> and <a href=../../api/basic_json/emplace_back/ ><code>emplace_back()</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.311] cannot use emplace() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.311] cannot use emplace_back() with number
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error312>json.exception.type_error.312<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error312 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>update()</code> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.312] cannot use update() with array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error313>json.exception.type_error.313<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error313 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>unflatten</code> function converts an object whose keys are <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers back into an arbitrary nested <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value. The <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers must not overlap, because then the resulting value would not be well-defined.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.313] invalid value to unflatten
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error314>json.exception.type_error.314<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error314 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>unflatten</code> function only works for an object whose keys are <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <p>Calling <code>unflatten()</code> on an array <code class=highlight><span class=p>[</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>]</span></code>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.314] only objects can be unflattened
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error315>json.exception.type_error.315<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error315 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>unflatten()</code> function only works for an object whose keys are <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers and whose values are primitive.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <p>Calling <code>unflatten()</code> on an object <code class=highlight><span class=p>{</span><span class=s2>"/1"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=p>[</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>]}</span></code>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.315] values in object must be primitive
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error316>json.exception.type_error.316<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error316 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code>dump()</code> function only works with <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded strings; that is, if you assign a <code>std::string</code> to a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value, make sure it is <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <p>Calling <code>dump()</code> on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value containing an <abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> 8859-1 encoded string: <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.316] invalid UTF-8 byte at index 15: 0x6F
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error312>json.exception.type_error.312<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error312 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/update/ ><code>update()</code></a> member functions can only be executed for certain <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> types.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.312] cannot use update() with array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error313>json.exception.type_error.313<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error313 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/unflatten/ ><code>unflatten()</code></a> function converts an object whose keys are <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers back into an arbitrary nested <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value. The <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers must not overlap, because then the resulting value would not be well-defined.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.313] invalid value to unflatten
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error314>json.exception.type_error.314<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error314 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/unflatten/ ><code>unflatten()</code></a> function only works for an object whose keys are <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <p>Calling <code>unflatten()</code> on an array <code class=highlight><span class=p>[</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>]</span></code>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.314] only objects can be unflattened
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error315>json.exception.type_error.315<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error315 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/unflatten/ ><code>unflatten()</code></a> function only works for an object whose keys are <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Pointers and whose values are primitive.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <p>Calling <code>unflatten()</code> on an object <code class=highlight><span class=p>{</span><span class=s2>"/1"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=p>[</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>]}</span></code>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.315] values in object must be primitive
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error316>json.exception.type_error.316<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error316 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The <a href=../../api/basic_json/dump/ ><code>dump()</code></a> function only works with <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded strings; that is, if you assign a <code>std::string</code> to a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value, make sure it is <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded. See the <abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> entry on <a href=../faq/#serializing-untrusted-or-invalid-utf-8>serializing untrusted or invalid <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8</a> for background and the recommended fix.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <p>Calling <code>dump()</code> on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value containing an <abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> 8859-1 encoded string: <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.316] invalid UTF-8 byte at index 15: 0x6F
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <div class="admonition tip"> <p class=admonition-title>Tip</p> <ul> <li>Store the source file with <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoding.</li> <li>Pass an error handler as last parameter to the <code>dump()</code> function to avoid this exception:<ul> <li><code>json::error_handler_t::replace</code> will replace invalid bytes sequences with <code>U+FFFD</code> </li> <li><code>json::error_handler_t::ignore</code> will silently ignore invalid byte sequences</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptiontype_error317>json.exception.type_error.317<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptiontype_error317 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>The dynamic type of the object cannot be represented in the requested serialization format (e.g., a raw <code>true</code> or <code>null</code> <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> object cannot be serialized to <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr>)</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p>Serializing <code class=highlight><span class=kc>null</span></code> to <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr>: <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.317] to serialize to BSON, top-level type must be object, but is null
|
||||
</code></pre></div> Serializing <code class=highlight><span class=p>[</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>]</span></code> to <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr>: <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.type_error.317] to serialize to BSON, top-level type must be object, but is array
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <div class="admonition tip"> <p class=admonition-title>Tip</p> <p>Encapsulate the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value in an object. That is, instead of serializing <code class=highlight><span class=kc>true</span></code>, serialize <code class=highlight><span class=p>{</span><span class=nt>"value"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>true</span><span class=p>}</span></code></p> </div> <h2 id=out-of-range>Out of range<a class=headerlink href=#out-of-range title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown in case a library function is called on an input parameter that exceeds the expected range, for instance, in the case of array indices or nonexisting object keys.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 4xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <p>The following code shows how an <code>out_of_range</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <div class="admonition tip"> <p class=admonition-title>Tip</p> <p>Encapsulate the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value in an object. That is, instead of serializing <code class=highlight><span class=kc>true</span></code>, serialize <code class=highlight><span class=p>{</span><span class=nt>"value"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=kc>true</span><span class=p>}</span></code></p> </div> <h2 id=out-of-range>Out of range<a class=headerlink href=#out-of-range title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown in case a library function is called on an input parameter that exceeds the expected range, for instance, in the case of array indices or nonexisting object keys.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 4xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example: catch an <code>out_of_range</code> exception</summary> <p>The following code shows how an <code>out_of_range</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=k>using</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>nlohmann</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>json</span><span class=p>;</span>
|
||||
@@ -259,12 +259,12 @@ exception id: 401
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range410>json.exception.out_of_range.410<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range410 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>This exception is thrown when an undefined value is used with <a href=../../api/macros/nlohmann_json_serialize_enum_strict/ ><code>NLOHMANN_JSON_SERIALIZE_ENUM_STRICT</code></a>, or when an array index in a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> pointer exceeds the range of <code>size_type</code> (e.g., on 32-bit platforms).</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>enum value out of range
|
||||
array index 18446744073709551616 exceeds size_type
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range411>json.exception.out_of_range.411<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range411 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch <code>add</code> operation cannot be applied because the target location's parent is neither an object nor an array. Per <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 6902</a>, an <code>add</code> target must reference a member of an existing object or an element of an existing array; a primitive value (string, number, boolean, etc.) cannot receive a new member or element.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>cannot add value: the JSON Patch 'add' target's parent is of type string, but must be an object or array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, this situation hit an internal assertion (aborting the program in debug builds) or was silently ignored when assertions were disabled.</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range412>json.exception.out_of_range.412<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range412 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p><abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr> stores the length of documents, arrays, strings, and binary values in a signed 32-bit integer, and MessagePack stores the length of strings, binary values, arrays, and objects in at most an unsigned 32-bit integer. This exception is thrown when a value is too large to be described by such a length field.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>BSON length 2147483661 exceeds maximum of 2147483647
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>. Before that, this situation hit an internal assertion (aborting the program in debug builds) or was silently ignored when assertions were disabled.</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range412>json.exception.out_of_range.412<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range412 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p><abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr> stores the length of documents, arrays, strings, and binary values in a signed 32-bit integer, and MessagePack stores the length of strings, binary values, arrays, and objects in at most an unsigned 32-bit integer. This exception is thrown when a value is too large to be described by such a length field.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example messages</p> <p><div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>BSON length 2147483661 exceeds maximum of 2147483647
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>MessagePack length 4294967296 exceeds maximum of 4294967295
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, the <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr> length was silently truncated, and <a href=../../api/basic_json/to_bson/ ><code>to_bson</code></a> produced documents with negative length prefixes that <a href=../../api/basic_json/from_bson/ ><code>from_bson</code></a> rejected; <a href=../../api/basic_json/to_msgpack/ ><code>to_msgpack</code></a> wrote such a value without any length, producing output that could not be read back.</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range413>json.exception.out_of_range.413<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range413 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch <code>remove</code> operation cannot be applied because the target location's parent is neither an object nor an array. Per <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 6902</a>, a <code>remove</code> target must reference a member of an existing object or an element of an existing array; a primitive value (string, number, boolean, etc.) or <code>null</code> has no members or elements to remove.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>cannot remove value: the JSON Patch 'remove' target's parent is of type number, but must be an object or array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, this situation was silently ignored (the <code>remove</code> operation had no effect).</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range414>json.exception.out_of_range.414<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range414 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch <code>move</code> operation's <code>"from"</code> location is a proper prefix of its <code>"path"</code> location. Per <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 6902</a> (section 4.4), a location cannot be moved into one of its own children.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>cannot move value: 'from' path '/0' is a proper prefix of 'path' '/0/0'
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, this situation could succeed with a corrupted result: for an array target, removing the "from" element before the "add" step shifted subsequent indices, so "path" silently re-resolved to a different element than intended.</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range415>json.exception.out_of_range.415<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range415 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>MessagePack's ext type and <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr>'s binary subtype are each stored in a single byte. This exception is thrown when serializing a <a href=../../api/byte_container_with_subtype/ ><code>byte_container_with_subtype</code></a> whose subtype exceeds 255.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.out_of_range.415] subtype 70000 is too large for the MessagePack ext type (max 255)
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, subtypes above 255 were silently truncated modulo 256 instead of raising an error.</p> </div> <h2 id=further-exceptions>Further exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#further-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown in case of errors that cannot be classified with the other exception types.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 5xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example</summary> <p>The following code shows how an <code>other_error</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div></p> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>. Before that, the <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr> length was silently truncated, and <a href=../../api/basic_json/to_bson/ ><code>to_bson</code></a> produced documents with negative length prefixes that <a href=../../api/basic_json/from_bson/ ><code>from_bson</code></a> rejected; <a href=../../api/basic_json/to_msgpack/ ><code>to_msgpack</code></a> wrote such a value without any length, producing output that could not be read back.</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range413>json.exception.out_of_range.413<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range413 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch <code>remove</code> operation cannot be applied because the target location's parent is neither an object nor an array. Per <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 6902</a>, a <code>remove</code> target must reference a member of an existing object or an element of an existing array; a primitive value (string, number, boolean, etc.) or <code>null</code> has no members or elements to remove.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>cannot remove value: the JSON Patch 'remove' target's parent is of type number, but must be an object or array
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>. Before that, this situation was silently ignored (the <code>remove</code> operation had no effect).</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range414>json.exception.out_of_range.414<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range414 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch <code>move</code> operation's <code>"from"</code> location is a proper prefix of its <code>"path"</code> location. Per <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6902"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 6902</a> (section 4.4), a location cannot be moved into one of its own children.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>cannot move value: 'from' path '/0' is a proper prefix of 'path' '/0/0'
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>. Before that, this situation could succeed with a corrupted result: for an array target, removing the "from" element before the "add" step shifted subsequent indices, so "path" silently re-resolved to a different element than intended.</p> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionout_of_range415>json.exception.out_of_range.415<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionout_of_range415 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>MessagePack's ext type and <abbr title="Binary JSON">BSON</abbr>'s binary subtype are each stored in a single byte. This exception is thrown when serializing a <a href=../../api/byte_container_with_subtype/ ><code>byte_container_with_subtype</code></a> whose subtype exceeds 255.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.out_of_range.415] subtype 70000 is too large for the MessagePack ext type (max 255)
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>. Before that, subtypes above 255 were silently truncated modulo 256 instead of raising an error.</p> </div> <h2 id=further-exceptions>Further exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#further-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <p>This exception is thrown in case of errors that cannot be classified with the other exception types.</p> <p>Exceptions have ids 5xx.</p> <details class=example> <summary>Example: catch an <code>other_error</code> exception</summary> <p>The following code shows how an <code>other_error</code> exception can be caught.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><iostream></span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=k>using</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>nlohmann</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>json</span><span class=p>;</span>
|
||||
@@ -298,4 +298,4 @@ array index 18446744073709551616 exceeds size_type
|
||||
exception id: 501
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </details> <h3 id=jsonexceptionother_error501>json.exception.other_error.501<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionother_error501 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p>A <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Patch operation 'test' failed. The unsuccessful operation is also printed.</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <p>Executing <code class=highlight><span class=p>{</span><span class=nt>"op"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=s2>"test"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>"path"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=s2>"/baz"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>"value"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=s2>"bar"</span><span class=p>}</span></code> on <code class=highlight><span class=p>{</span><span class=nt>"baz"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>"qux"</span><span class=p>}</span></code>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.other_error.501] unsuccessful: {"op":"test","path":"/baz","value":"bar"}
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h3 id=jsonexceptionother_error502>json.exception.other_error.502<a class=headerlink href=#jsonexceptionother_error502 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <p><a href=../../api/basic_json/to_ubjson/ ><code>to_ubjson</code></a> and <a href=../../api/basic_json/to_bjdata/ ><code>to_bjdata</code></a> were called with <code>use_type = true</code> but <code>use_size = false</code>. <abbr title="Universal Binary JSON">UBJSON</abbr> requires a size marker (<code>#</code>) after a type marker (<code>$</code>).</p> <div class="admonition failure"> <p class=admonition-title>Example message</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code>[json.exception.other_error.502] use_type requires use_size = true
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, debug builds aborted on an assertion and release builds wrote a <code>$</code> marker without <code>#</code>, which <a href=../../api/basic_json/from_ubjson/ ><code>from_ubjson</code></a> then rejected.</p> </div> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="October 2, 2026 09:23:55 UTC">October 2, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright © 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) CopyrigLine truncated
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <div class="admonition note"> <p class=admonition-title>Note</p> <p>This exception was added in version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>. Before that, debug builds aborted on an assertion and release builds wrote a <code>$</code> marker without <code>#</code>, which <a href=../../api/basic_json/from_ubjson/ ><code>from_ubjson</code></a> then rejected.</p> </div> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="October 2, 2026 09:32:15 UTC">October 2, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright © 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.linkedin.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 448 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3M135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zM102.2 96a38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0 77 38.5 38.5 0 1 1 0-77m282.1 320h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9z"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.xing.com/profile/Niels_Lohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="www.xing.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 384 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.coLine truncated
|
||||
+29
-29
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Exceptions are used widely within the library. They can, however, be switched of
|
||||
|
||||
Note that [`JSON_THROW_USER`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/json_throw_user/index.md) should leave the current scope (e.g., by throwing or aborting), as continuing after it may yield undefined behavior.
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: switch off exceptions and log errors before aborting
|
||||
|
||||
The code below switches off exceptions and creates a log entry with a detailed error message in case of errors.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ See [documentation of `JSON_TRY_USER`, `JSON_CATCH_USER` and `JSON_THROW_USER`](
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions in the library are thrown in the local context of the JSON value they are detected. This makes detailed diagnostics messages, and hence debugging, difficult.
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: standard diagnostic message
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ To create better diagnostics messages, each JSON value needs a pointer to its pa
|
||||
|
||||
As this global context comes at the price of storing one additional pointer per JSON value and runtime overhead to maintain the parent relation, extended diagnostics are disabled by default. They can, however, be enabled by defining the preprocessor symbol [`JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/json_diagnostics/index.md) to `1` before including `json.hpp`.
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: extended diagnostic message with `JSON_DIAGNOSTICS`
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ Member `byte` holds the byte index of the last read character in the input file.
|
||||
|
||||
For an input with n bytes, 1 is the index of the first character and n+1 is the index of the terminating null byte or the end of file. This also holds true when reading a byte vector (CBOR or MessagePack).
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: catch a `parse_error` exception
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how a `parse_error` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ This exception is thrown if iterators passed to a library function do not match
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 2xx.
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: catch an `invalid_iterator` exception
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how an `invalid_iterator` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.invalid_iterator.202
|
||||
|
||||
In the [erase](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/index.md) or insert function, the passed iterator `pos` does not belong to the JSON value for which the function was called. It hence does not define a valid position for the deletion/insertion.
|
||||
In the [erase](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/index.md) or [insert](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/index.md) function, the passed iterator `pos` does not belong to the JSON value for which the function was called. It hence does not define a valid position for the deletion/insertion.
|
||||
|
||||
Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.invalid_iterator.205
|
||||
|
||||
When an iterator for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to an [erase](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/index.md) function, the iterator has to be the `begin()` iterator, because it is the only way to address the stored value. All other iterators are invalid.
|
||||
When an iterator for a primitive type (number, boolean, or string) is passed to an [erase](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/erase/index.md) function, the iterator has to be the [`begin()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/begin/index.md) iterator, because it is the only way to address the stored value. All other iterators are invalid.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.invalid_iterator.214
|
||||
|
||||
Cannot retrieve value from iterator: The iterator either refers to a null value, or it refers to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but does not match the iterator returned by `begin()`.
|
||||
Cannot retrieve value from iterator: The iterator either refers to a null value, or it refers to a primitive type (number, boolean, or string), but does not match the iterator returned by [`begin()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/begin/index.md).
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ This exception is thrown in case of a type error; that is, a library function is
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 3xx.
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: catch a `type_error` exception
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how a `type_error` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.304
|
||||
|
||||
The `at()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`at()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/at/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.305
|
||||
|
||||
The `operator[]` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`operator[]`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%5B%5D/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.306
|
||||
|
||||
The `value()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`value()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/value/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.308
|
||||
|
||||
The `push_back()` and `operator+=` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`push_back()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/push_back/index.md) and [`operator+=`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/operator%2B%3D/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.309
|
||||
|
||||
The `insert()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`insert()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/insert/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.310
|
||||
|
||||
The `swap()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`swap()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/swap/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.311
|
||||
|
||||
The `emplace()` and `emplace_back()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`emplace()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/emplace/index.md) and [`emplace_back()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/emplace_back/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -816,7 +816,7 @@ Example messages
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.312
|
||||
|
||||
The `update()` member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
The [`update()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/update/index.md) member functions can only be executed for certain JSON types.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -826,7 +826,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.313
|
||||
|
||||
The `unflatten` function converts an object whose keys are JSON Pointers back into an arbitrary nested JSON value. The JSON Pointers must not overlap, because then the resulting value would not be well-defined.
|
||||
The [`unflatten()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/unflatten/index.md) function converts an object whose keys are JSON Pointers back into an arbitrary nested JSON value. The JSON Pointers must not overlap, because then the resulting value would not be well-defined.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.314
|
||||
|
||||
The `unflatten` function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers.
|
||||
The [`unflatten()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/unflatten/index.md) function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@ Calling `unflatten()` on an array `[1,2,3]`:
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.315
|
||||
|
||||
The `unflatten()` function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers and whose values are primitive.
|
||||
The [`unflatten()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/unflatten/index.md) function only works for an object whose keys are JSON Pointers and whose values are primitive.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -860,7 +860,7 @@ Calling `unflatten()` on an object `{"/1", [1,2,3]}`:
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.type_error.316
|
||||
|
||||
The `dump()` function only works with UTF-8 encoded strings; that is, if you assign a `std::string` to a JSON value, make sure it is UTF-8 encoded.
|
||||
The [`dump()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/dump/index.md) function only works with UTF-8 encoded strings; that is, if you assign a `std::string` to a JSON value, make sure it is UTF-8 encoded. See the FAQ entry on [serializing untrusted or invalid UTF-8](https://json.nlohmann.me/home/faq/#serializing-untrusted-or-invalid-utf-8) for background and the recommended fix.
|
||||
|
||||
Example message
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -905,7 +905,7 @@ This exception is thrown in case a library function is called on an input parame
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 4xx.
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: catch an `out_of_range` exception
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how an `out_of_range` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1065,7 +1065,7 @@ cannot add value: the JSON Patch 'add' target's parent is of type string, but mu
|
||||
|
||||
Note
|
||||
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, this situation hit an internal assertion (aborting the program in debug builds) or was silently ignored when assertions were disabled.
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0 unreleased. Before that, this situation hit an internal assertion (aborting the program in debug builds) or was silently ignored when assertions were disabled.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.out_of_range.412
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1083,7 +1083,7 @@ MessagePack length 4294967296 exceeds maximum of 4294967295
|
||||
|
||||
Note
|
||||
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, the BSON length was silently truncated, and [`to_bson`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bson/index.md) produced documents with negative length prefixes that [`from_bson`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_bson/index.md) rejected; [`to_msgpack`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_msgpack/index.md) wrote such a value without any length, producing output that could not be read back.
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0 unreleased. Before that, the BSON length was silently truncated, and [`to_bson`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_bson/index.md) produced documents with negative length prefixes that [`from_bson`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_bson/index.md) rejected; [`to_msgpack`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/to_msgpack/index.md) wrote such a value without any length, producing output that could not be read back.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.out_of_range.413
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1097,7 +1097,7 @@ cannot remove value: the JSON Patch 'remove' target's parent is of type number,
|
||||
|
||||
Note
|
||||
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, this situation was silently ignored (the `remove` operation had no effect).
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0 unreleased. Before that, this situation was silently ignored (the `remove` operation had no effect).
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.out_of_range.414
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1111,7 +1111,7 @@ cannot move value: 'from' path '/0' is a proper prefix of 'path' '/0/0'
|
||||
|
||||
Note
|
||||
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, this situation could succeed with a corrupted result: for an array target, removing the "from" element before the "add" step shifted subsequent indices, so "path" silently re-resolved to a different element than intended.
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0 unreleased. Before that, this situation could succeed with a corrupted result: for an array target, removing the "from" element before the "add" step shifted subsequent indices, so "path" silently re-resolved to a different element than intended.
|
||||
|
||||
### json.exception.out_of_range.415
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
Note
|
||||
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, subtypes above 255 were silently truncated modulo 256 instead of raising an error.
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0 unreleased. Before that, subtypes above 255 were silently truncated modulo 256 instead of raising an error.
|
||||
|
||||
## Further exceptions
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1133,7 +1133,7 @@ This exception is thrown in case of errors that cannot be classified with the ot
|
||||
|
||||
Exceptions have ids 5xx.
|
||||
|
||||
Example
|
||||
Example: catch an `other_error` exception
|
||||
|
||||
The following code shows how an `other_error` exception can be caught.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1201,4 +1201,4 @@ Example message
|
||||
|
||||
Note
|
||||
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0. Before that, debug builds aborted on an assertion and release builds wrote a `$` marker without `#`, which [`from_ubjson`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_ubjson/index.md) then rejected.
|
||||
This exception was added in version 3.13.0 unreleased. Before that, debug builds aborted on an assertion and release builds wrote a `$` marker without `#`, which [`from_ubjson`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/from_ubjson/index.md) then rejected.
|
||||
+15
-15
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ for objects.
|
||||
json j = json::array({true}); // [true]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Opt-in copy semantics (since version 3.12.0)**
|
||||
**Opt-in copy semantics (since version 3.13.0)**
|
||||
|
||||
If you define `JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS` to `1` before including the library, single-element brace initialization is treated as copy/move instead of creating a single-element array:
|
||||
If you define [`JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS`](../api/macros/json_brace_init_copy_semantics.md) to `1` before including the library, single-element brace initialization is treated as copy/move instead of creating a single-element array:
|
||||
|
||||
```cpp
|
||||
#define JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS 1
|
||||
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ The library supports **Unicode input** as follows:
|
||||
- The library will not replace [Unicode noncharacters](http://www.unicode.org/faq/private_use.html#nonchar1).
|
||||
- Invalid surrogates (e.g., incomplete pairs such as `\uDEAD`) will yield parse errors.
|
||||
- The strings stored in the library are UTF-8 encoded. When using the default string type (`std::string`), note that its length/size functions return the number of stored bytes rather than the number of characters or glyphs.
|
||||
- When you store strings with different encodings in the library, calling [`dump()`](https://nlohmann.github.io/json/classnlohmann_1_1basic__json_a50ec80b02d0f3f51130d4abb5d1cfdc5.html#a50ec80b02d0f3f51130d4abb5d1cfdc5) may throw an exception unless `json::error_handler_t::replace` or `json::error_handler_t::ignore` are used as error handlers.
|
||||
- When you store strings with different encodings in the library, calling [`dump()`](../api/basic_json/dump.md) may throw an exception unless `json::error_handler_t::replace` or `json::error_handler_t::ignore` are used as error handlers.
|
||||
|
||||
In most cases, the parser is right to complain, because the input is not UTF-8 encoded. This is especially true for Microsoft Windows, where Latin-1 or ISO 8859-1 is often the standard encoding.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ In most cases, the parser is right to complain, because the input is not UTF-8 e
|
||||
|
||||
!!! question "Questions"
|
||||
|
||||
- Why does `json::parse()` silently ignore part of my input?
|
||||
- Why does [`json::parse()`](../api/basic_json/parse.md) silently ignore part of my input?
|
||||
- Why does a `std::string`/buffer with extra data after the JSON text parse without error, while a similar-looking string with extra text does not?
|
||||
|
||||
A `'\0'` (NUL) byte anywhere in the input is treated the same as the real end of the input, rather than as an ordinary (and, outside of a string, invalid) byte. Everything from that byte onward is silently ignored, without a parse error — including further, otherwise well-formed JSON:
|
||||
@@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ same object -- is a data race and requires external synchronization (e.g., a `st
|
||||
Does this library support JSON Schema validation?
|
||||
|
||||
Not directly, but the companion project [json-schema-validator](https://github.com/pboettch/json-schema-validator)
|
||||
builds JSON Schema (draft 4, 6, 7, and 2019-09) validation on top of this library and is a common recommendation
|
||||
for this use case.
|
||||
builds JSON Schema (draft 7; draft 4 in its older, now-superseded 1.x releases) validation on top of this library
|
||||
and is a common recommendation for this use case.
|
||||
|
||||
## Exceptions
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -296,15 +296,13 @@ If you get ambiguous-overload errors when passing a JSON value to `fmt::format`/
|
||||
|
||||
Why does the code not compile with Android SDK?
|
||||
|
||||
Android defaults to using very old compilers and C++ libraries. To fix this, add the following to your `Application.mk`. This will switch to the LLVM C++ library, the Clang compiler, and enable C++11 and other features disabled by default.
|
||||
Since [NDK r18](https://github.com/android/ndk/wiki/Changelog-r18) (2018), GCC and the `gnustl`/`stlport` C++
|
||||
libraries have been removed from the Android NDK; Clang and `libc++` are now the only compiler and C++ library, and
|
||||
they support C++11 and later out of the box. With a current NDK, no special configuration is needed to use this
|
||||
library.
|
||||
|
||||
```ini
|
||||
APP_STL := c++_shared
|
||||
NDK_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION := clang3.6
|
||||
APP_CPPFLAGS += -frtti -fexceptions
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The code compiles successfully with [Android NDK](https://developer.android.com/ndk/index.html?hl=ml), Revision 9 - 11 (and possibly later) and [CrystaX's Android NDK](https://www.crystax.net/en/android/ndk) version 10.
|
||||
Only very old NDKs (before r18), which defaulted to GCC and `gnustl`, lacked C++11 library features such as
|
||||
`std::to_string`. If you run into this, update to a current NDK.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Missing STL function
|
||||
@@ -314,4 +312,6 @@ The code compiles successfully with [Android NDK](https://developer.android.com/
|
||||
- Why do I get a compilation error `'to_string' is not a member of 'std'` (or similarly, for `strtod` or `strtof`)?
|
||||
- Why does the code not compile with MinGW or Android SDK?
|
||||
|
||||
This is not an issue with the code, but rather with the compiler itself. On Android, see above to build with a newer environment. For MinGW, please refer to [this site](http://tehsausage.com/mingw-to-string) and [this discussion](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/136) for information on how to fix this bug. For Android NDK using `APP_STL := gnustl_static`, please refer to [this discussion](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/219).
|
||||
This is not an issue with the code, but rather with the compiler itself. On Android, use a current NDK (see above).
|
||||
For MinGW, please refer to [this site](http://tehsausage.com/mingw-to-string) and
|
||||
[this discussion](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/136) for information on how to fix this bug.
|
||||
+6
-9
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/faq/" rel="canonical"><link href=../license/ rel=prev><link href=../exceptions/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>FAQ - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#frequently-asked-questions-faq class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> FAQ </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-cLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/faq/" rel="canonical"><link href=../license/ rel=prev><link href=../exceptions/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>FAQ - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#frequently-asked-questions-faq class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> FAQ </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-cLine truncated
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>and</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=nf>j</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=nb>true</span><span class=p>);</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>yield different results (<code class=highlight><span class=p>[</span><span class=kc>true</span><span class=p>]</span></code> vs. <code class=highlight><span class=kc>true</span></code>)?</p> </div> <p>This is a known issue, and -- even worse -- the behavior differs between <abbr title="GNU Compiler Collection">GCC</abbr> and Clang. The "culprit" for this is the library's constructor overloads for initializer lists to allow syntax like</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>array</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=p>{</span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>3</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>4</span><span class=p>};</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>for arrays and</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>object</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=p>{{</span><span class=s>"one"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>1</span><span class=p>},</span><span class=w> </span><span class=p>{</span><span class=s>"two"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>2</span><span class=p>}};</span><span class=w> </span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>for objects.</p> <div class="admonition tip"> <p class=admonition-title>Tip</p> <p>To avoid any confusion and ensure portable code, <strong>do not</strong> use brace initialization with the types <code>basic_json</code>, <code>json</code>, or <code>ordered_json</code> unless you want to create an object or array as shown in the examples above.</p> <p>To explicitly create a single-element array, use <code>json::array({value})</code>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>j</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>array</span><span class=p>({</span><span class=nb>true</span><span class=p>});</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// [true]</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <p><strong>Opt-in copy semantics (since version 3.12.0)</strong></p> <p>If you define <code>JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS</code> to <code>1</code> before including the library, single-element brace initialization is treated as copy/move instead of creating a single-element array:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#define JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS 1</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <p><strong>Opt-in copy semantics (since version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>)</strong></p> <p>If you define <a href=../../api/macros/json_brace_init_copy_semantics/ ><code>JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS</code></a> to <code>1</code> before including the library, single-element brace initialization is treated as copy/move instead of creating a single-element array:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#define JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS 1</span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>obj</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=p>{{</span><span class=s>"key"</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s>"value"</span><span class=p>}};</span>
|
||||
<span class=n>json</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>j</span><span class=p>{</span><span class=n>obj</span><span class=p>};</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// -> {"key":"value"} (copy, not array)</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>Without the macro (default behavior), <code>json j{obj}</code> creates <code>[{"key":"value"}]</code>. This opt-in macro fixes issue #5074 while preserving backwards compatibility for existing code.</p> <h2 id=limitations>Limitations<a class=headerlink href=#limitations title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=relaxed-parsing>Relaxed parsing<a class=headerlink href=#relaxed-parsing title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Can you add an option to ignore trailing commas?</p> </div> <p>This library does not support any feature that would jeopardize interoperability.</p> <h3 id=parse-errors-reading-non-ascii-characters>Parse errors reading non-<abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr> characters<a class=headerlink href=#parse-errors-reading-non-ascii-characters title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why is the parser complaining about a Chinese character?</li> <li>Does the library support Unicode?</li> <li>I get an exception <code>[json.exception.parse_error.101] parse error at line 1, column 53: syntax error while parsing value - invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte; last read: '"Testé$')"</code></li> </ul> </div> <p>The library supports <strong>Unicode input</strong> as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Only <strong><abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8</strong> encoded input is supported, which is the default encoding for <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr>, according to <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259.html#section-8.1"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 8259</a>.</li> <li><code>std::u16string</code> and <code>std::u32string</code> can be parsed, assuming <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-16 and <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-32 encoding, respectively. These encodings are not supported when reading from files or other input containers.</li> <li>Other encodings such as Latin-1 or <abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> 8859-1 are <strong>not</strong> supported and will yield parse or serialization errors.</li> <li>The library will not replace <a href="http://www.unicode.org/faq/private_use.html#nonchar1">Unicode noncharacters</a>.</li> <li>Invalid surrogates (e.g., incomplete pairs such as <code>\uDEAD</code>) will yield parse errors.</li> <li>The strings stored in the library are <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded. When using the default string type (<code>std::string</code>), note that its length/size functions return the number of stored bytes rather than the number of characters or glyphs.</li> <li>When you store strings with different encodings in the library, calling <a href="https://nlohmann.github.io/json/classnlohmann_1_1basic__json_a50ec80b02d0f3f51130d4abb5d1cfdc5.html#a50ec80b02d0f3f51130d4abb5d1cfdc5"><code>dump()</code></a> may throw an exception unless <code>json::error_handler_t::replace</code> or <code>json::error_handler_t::ignore</code> are used as error handlers.</li> </ul> <p>In most cases, the parser is right to complain, because the input is not <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded. This is especially true for Microsoft Windows, where Latin-1 or <abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> 8859-1 is often the standard encoding.</p> <h3 id=nul-bytes-in-the-input>NUL bytes in the input<a class=headerlink href=#nul-bytes-in-the-input title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why does <code>json::parse()</code> silently ignore part of my input?</li> <li>Why does a <code>std::string</code>/buffer with extra data after the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> text parse without error, while a similar-looking string with extra text does not?</li> </ul> </div> <p>A <code>'\0'</code> (NUL) byte anywhere in the input is treated the same as the real end of the input, rather than as an ordinary (and, outside of a string, invalid) byte. Everything from that byte onward is silently ignored, without a parse error — including further, otherwise well-formed <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>parse</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>string</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=s>"123"</span><span class=p>)</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>+</span><span class=w> </span><span class=sc>'\0'</span><span class=p>);</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// == 123, no error</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>Without the macro (default behavior), <code>json j{obj}</code> creates <code>[{"key":"value"}]</code>. This opt-in macro fixes issue #5074 while preserving backwards compatibility for existing code.</p> <h2 id=limitations>Limitations<a class=headerlink href=#limitations title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=relaxed-parsing>Relaxed parsing<a class=headerlink href=#relaxed-parsing title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Can you add an option to ignore trailing commas?</p> </div> <p>This library does not support any feature that would jeopardize interoperability.</p> <h3 id=parse-errors-reading-non-ascii-characters>Parse errors reading non-<abbr title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">ASCII</abbr> characters<a class=headerlink href=#parse-errors-reading-non-ascii-characters title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why is the parser complaining about a Chinese character?</li> <li>Does the library support Unicode?</li> <li>I get an exception <code>[json.exception.parse_error.101] parse error at line 1, column 53: syntax error while parsing value - invalid string: ill-formed UTF-8 byte; last read: '"Testé$')"</code></li> </ul> </div> <p>The library supports <strong>Unicode input</strong> as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Only <strong><abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8</strong> encoded input is supported, which is the default encoding for <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr>, according to <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259.html#section-8.1"><abbr title="Request for Comments">RFC</abbr> 8259</a>.</li> <li><code>std::u16string</code> and <code>std::u32string</code> can be parsed, assuming <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-16 and <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-32 encoding, respectively. These encodings are not supported when reading from files or other input containers.</li> <li>Other encodings such as Latin-1 or <abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> 8859-1 are <strong>not</strong> supported and will yield parse or serialization errors.</li> <li>The library will not replace <a href="http://www.unicode.org/faq/private_use.html#nonchar1">Unicode noncharacters</a>.</li> <li>Invalid surrogates (e.g., incomplete pairs such as <code>\uDEAD</code>) will yield parse errors.</li> <li>The strings stored in the library are <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded. When using the default string type (<code>std::string</code>), note that its length/size functions return the number of stored bytes rather than the number of characters or glyphs.</li> <li>When you store strings with different encodings in the library, calling <a href=../../api/basic_json/dump/ ><code>dump()</code></a> may throw an exception unless <code>json::error_handler_t::replace</code> or <code>json::error_handler_t::ignore</code> are used as error handlers.</li> </ul> <p>In most cases, the parser is right to complain, because the input is not <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8 encoded. This is especially true for Microsoft Windows, where Latin-1 or <abbr title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</abbr> 8859-1 is often the standard encoding.</p> <h3 id=nul-bytes-in-the-input>NUL bytes in the input<a class=headerlink href=#nul-bytes-in-the-input title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why does <a href=../../api/basic_json/parse/ ><code>json::parse()</code></a> silently ignore part of my input?</li> <li>Why does a <code>std::string</code>/buffer with extra data after the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> text parse without error, while a similar-looking string with extra text does not?</li> </ul> </div> <p>A <code>'\0'</code> (NUL) byte anywhere in the input is treated the same as the real end of the input, rather than as an ordinary (and, outside of a string, invalid) byte. Everything from that byte onward is silently ignored, without a parse error — including further, otherwise well-formed <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>parse</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>string</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=s>"123"</span><span class=p>)</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>+</span><span class=w> </span><span class=sc>'\0'</span><span class=p>);</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// == 123, no error</span>
|
||||
<span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>parse</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>string</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=s>"123"</span><span class=p>)</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>+</span><span class=w> </span><span class=sc>'\0'</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>+</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s>"true"</span><span class=p>);</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// == 123, the "true" is silently ignored too</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>This is different from any other unexpected trailing byte, which <em>does</em> raise <a href=../exceptions/#jsonexceptionparse_error101><code>parse_error.101</code></a>:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>parse</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=s>"123x"</span><span class=p>);</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// throws parse_error.101: unexpected additional data</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>This falls out of the same convention used when no explicit input length is given at all: <code>json::parse(const char*)</code> already stops at the first NUL byte via <code>strlen()</code>, since a bare pointer has no length of its own. The library applies that same NUL-terminated-C-string convention uniformly, rather than only when a length is genuinely unavailable — so a <code>std::string</code>, iterator range, or container whose content happens to include a NUL byte is affected the same way a raw <code>const char*</code> would be.</p> <p>If your input may contain a trailing or embedded NUL that is <strong>not</strong> meant to signal the end of the <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> text — for instance, a fixed-size, zero-padded buffer — trim it yourself before calling <code>parse()</code>, since the library will otherwise silently stop there instead of raising an error:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=n>s</span><span class=p>.</span><span class=n>resize</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=n>s</span><span class=p>.</span><span class=n>find</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=sc>'\0'</span><span class=p>));</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// drop everything from the first NUL onward, if any</span>
|
||||
<span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>parse</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=n>s</span><span class=p>);</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p><strong>Opt-in strict handling (since version 3.13.0)</strong></p> <p>Manually trimming every input is easy to forget. If you define <a href=../../api/macros/json_strict_nul_handling/ ><code>JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING</code></a> to <code>1</code> before including the library, a <code>'\0'</code> byte is instead rejected like any other unexpected byte and raises <code>parse_error.101</code>, instead of being treated as end of input:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#define JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING 1</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p><strong>Opt-in strict handling (since version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>)</strong></p> <p>Manually trimming every input is easy to forget. If you define <a href=../../api/macros/json_strict_nul_handling/ ><code>JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING</code></a> to <code>1</code> before including the library, a <code>'\0'</code> byte is instead rejected like any other unexpected byte and raises <code>parse_error.101</code>, instead of being treated as end of input:</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=cp>#define JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING 1</span>
|
||||
<span class=cp>#include</span><span class=w> </span><span class=cpf><nlohmann/json.hpp></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>parse</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=n>std</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>string</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=s>"123"</span><span class=p>)</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>+</span><span class=w> </span><span class=sc>'\0'</span><span class=p>);</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c1>// throws parse_error.101 instead of silently returning 123</span>
|
||||
@@ -39,9 +39,6 @@
|
||||
<span class=w> </span><span class=nt>"encoded"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s2>"車B1234 こんにちは"</span><span class=p>,</span>
|
||||
<span class=w> </span><span class=nt>"original"</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=p>[</span><span class=mi>36554</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>66</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>49</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>50</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>51</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>52</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>32</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>12371</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>12435</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>12395</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>12385</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=mi>12399</span><span class=p>]</span>
|
||||
<span class=p>}</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h2 id=usage>Usage<a class=headerlink href=#usage title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=thread-safety>Thread safety<a class=headerlink href=#thread-safety title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Is <code>basic_json</code> thread-safe?</p> </div> <p>No. <code>basic_json</code> provides no built-in synchronization, the same as <code>std::map</code> or <code>std::vector</code>. Concurrent reads of the same value from multiple threads are safe, as are concurrent (non-overlapping) accesses to independent <code>json</code> objects. However, any concurrent write to a <code>json</code> object -- or a concurrent read while another thread writes to the same object -- is a data race and requires external synchronization (e.g., a <code>std::mutex</code>) by the caller.</p> <h3 id=schema-validation>Schema validation<a class=headerlink href=#schema-validation title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Does this library support <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Schema validation?</p> </div> <p>Not directly, but the companion project <a href="https://github.com/pboettch/json-schema-validator">json-schema-validator</a> builds <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Schema (draft 4, 6, 7, and 2019-09) validation on top of this library and is a common recommendation for this use case.</p> <h2 id=exceptions>Exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=parsing-without-exceptions>Parsing without exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#parsing-without-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Is it possible to indicate a parse error without throwing an exception?</p> </div> <p>Yes, see <a href=../../features/parsing/parse_exceptions/ >Parsing and exceptions</a>.</p> <h3 id=key-name-in-exceptions>Key name in exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#key-name-in-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Can I get the key of the object item that caused an exception?</p> </div> <p>Yes, you can. Please define the symbol <a href=../../api/macros/json_diagnostics/ ><code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></a> to get <a href=../exceptions/#extended-diagnostic-messages>extended diagnostics messages</a>.</p> <h2 id=serialization-issues>Serialization issues<a class=headerlink href=#serialization-issues title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=number-precision>Number precision<a class=headerlink href=#number-precision title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <ul> <li>It seems that precision is lost when serializing a double.</li> <li>Can I change the precision for floating-point serialization?</li> </ul> </div> <p>The library uses <code>std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits10</code> (15 for <abbr title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">IEEE</abbr> <code>double</code>s) digits for serialization. This value is sufficient to guarantee roundtripping. If one uses more than this number of digits of precision, then string -> value -> string is not guaranteed to round-trip.</p> <div class="admonition quote"> <p class=admonition-title><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/numeric_limits/digits10">cppreference.com</a></p> <p>The value of <code>std::numeric_limits<T>::digits10</code> is the number of base-10 digits that can be represented by the type T without change, that is, any number with this many significant decimal digits can be converted to a value of type T and back to decimal form, without change due to rounding or overflow. </p> </div> <div class="admonition tip"> <p class=admonition-title>Tip</p> <p>The website <a href="https://float.exposed">https://float.exposed</a> gives a good insight into the internal storage of floating-point numbers.</p> </div> <p>See <a href=../../features/types/number_handling/#number-serialization>this section</a> on the library's number handling for more information.</p> <h3 id=serializing-untrusted-or-invalid-utf-8>Serializing untrusted or invalid <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8<a class=headerlink href=#serializing-untrusted-or-invalid-utf-8 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why does <code>dump()</code> throw when I serialize data that came from the network?</li> <li>Is CVE-2024-34363 a vulnerability in this library?</li> </ul> </div> <p>Crashes reported against this library that stem from an uncaught <a href=../exceptions/#jsonexceptiontype_error316><code>type_error.316</code></a> while serializing unvalidated input (e.g., CVE-2024-34363) are a usage issue, not a library Line truncated
|
||||
</code></pre></div> </div> <h2 id=usage>Usage<a class=headerlink href=#usage title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=thread-safety>Thread safety<a class=headerlink href=#thread-safety title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Is <code>basic_json</code> thread-safe?</p> </div> <p>No. <code>basic_json</code> provides no built-in synchronization, the same as <code>std::map</code> or <code>std::vector</code>. Concurrent reads of the same value from multiple threads are safe, as are concurrent (non-overlapping) accesses to independent <code>json</code> objects. However, any concurrent write to a <code>json</code> object -- or a concurrent read while another thread writes to the same object -- is a data race and requires external synchronization (e.g., a <code>std::mutex</code>) by the caller.</p> <h3 id=schema-validation>Schema validation<a class=headerlink href=#schema-validation title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Does this library support <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Schema validation?</p> </div> <p>Not directly, but the companion project <a href="https://github.com/pboettch/json-schema-validator">json-schema-validator</a> builds <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> Schema (draft 7; draft 4 in its older, now-superseded 1.x releases) validation on top of this library and is a common recommendation for this use case.</p> <h2 id=exceptions>Exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=parsing-without-exceptions>Parsing without exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#parsing-without-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Is it possible to indicate a parse error without throwing an exception?</p> </div> <p>Yes, see <a href=../../features/parsing/parse_exceptions/ >Parsing and exceptions</a>.</p> <h3 id=key-name-in-exceptions>Key name in exceptions<a class=headerlink href=#key-name-in-exceptions title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Can I get the key of the object item that caused an exception?</p> </div> <p>Yes, you can. Please define the symbol <a href=../../api/macros/json_diagnostics/ ><code>JSON_DIAGNOSTICS</code></a> to get <a href=../exceptions/#extended-diagnostic-messages>extended diagnostics messages</a>.</p> <h2 id=serialization-issues>Serialization issues<a class=headerlink href=#serialization-issues title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=number-precision>Number precision<a class=headerlink href=#number-precision title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <ul> <li>It seems that precision is lost when serializing a double.</li> <li>Can I change the precision for floating-point serialization?</li> </ul> </div> <p>The library uses <code>std::numeric_limits<number_float_t>::digits10</code> (15 for <abbr title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">IEEE</abbr> <code>double</code>s) digits for serialization. This value is sufficient to guarantee roundtripping. If one uses more than this number of digits of precision, then string -> value -> string is not guaranteed to round-trip.</p> <div class="admonition quote"> <p class=admonition-title><a href="https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/numeric_limits/digits10">cppreference.com</a></p> <p>The value of <code>std::numeric_limits<T>::digits10</code> is the number of base-10 digits that can be represented by the type T without change, that is, any number with this many significant decimal digits can be converted to a value of type T and back to decimal form, without change due to rounding or overflow. </p> </div> <div class="admonition tip"> <p class=admonition-title>Tip</p> <p>The website <a href="https://float.exposed">https://float.exposed</a> gives a good insight into the internal storage of floating-point numbers.</p> </div> <p>See <a href=../../features/types/number_handling/#number-serialization>this section</a> on the library's number handling for more information.</p> <h3 id=serializing-untrusted-or-invalid-utf-8>Serializing untrusted or invalid <abbr title="Unicode Transformation Format">UTF</abbr>-8<a class=headerlink href=#serializing-untrusted-or-invalid-utf-8 title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why does <code>dump()</code> throw when I serialize data that came from the network?</li> <li>Is CVE-2024-34363 a vulnerability in this library?</li> </ul> </div> <p>Crashes reported against this library that stem from an uncaught <a href=../exceptions/#jsonexceptiontype_error316><code>type_error.316</code></a> while serializing unvalidated input (e.g., CVE-2024-34363) aLine truncated
|
||||
<span class=k>const</span><span class=w> </span><span class=k>auto</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>s</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>j</span><span class=p>.</span><span class=n>dump</span><span class=p>(</span><span class=mi>-1</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=sc>' '</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=nb>false</span><span class=p>,</span><span class=w> </span><span class=n>json</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>error_handler_t</span><span class=o>::</span><span class=n>replace</span><span class=p>);</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <h3 id=using-json-values-with-stdformat-or-fmt>Using <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> values with <code>std::format</code> or <code>fmt</code><a class=headerlink href=#using-json-values-with-stdformat-or-fmt title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <ul> <li>Can I use <code>std::format("{}", j)</code> on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value?</li> <li>Can I use <code>fmt::format("{}", j)</code> or <code>fmt::print("{}", j)</code> (the <a href="https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt">{fmt}</a> library) on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value?</li> </ul> </div> <p><code>std::format</code> works out of the box since version 3.13.0, as long as the standard library provides <code><format></code> (see <a href=../../api/macros/json_has_std_format/ ><code>JSON_HAS_STD_FORMAT</code></a>); see <a href=../../api/basic_json/std_formatter/ ><code>std::formatter<basic_json></code></a> for details, including the <code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:#}"</span></code> pretty-print spec, indent widths (<code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:2}"</span></code>), and custom indent characters (<code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:.>#}"</span></code>).</p> <p>For <code>fmt</code>, the library ships <a href=../../api/basic_json/format_as/ ><code>format_as</code></a>, a small customization point <code>fmt</code> looks for via argument-dependent lookup. It only has an effect on fmt 10.0.0 through 11.0.2 — from fmt 11.1.0 onwards, <code>fmt</code> no longer picks up a <code>format_as</code> overload that returns a <code>std::string</code>. On such versions (or any version, if you also want the same <code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:#}"</span></code>/width/fill-and-align spec support that <code>std::formatter<basic_json></code> has), define your own <code>fmt::formatter</code> specialization; see <a href=../../api/basic_json/format_as/ ><code>format_as</code></a> for a recipe that mirrors it.</p> <p>If you get ambiguous-overload errors when passing a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value to <code>fmt::format</code>/<code>fmt::print</code> without any <code>fmt::formatter<json></code> specialization in scope, that's <code>fmt</code> picking up <code>basic_json</code>'s implicit <code>operator ValueType()</code> conversion operator (see <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/964">#964</a> and <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/958">#958</a>); disabling it via <a href=../../api/macros/json_use_implicit_conversions/ ><code>JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS 0</code></a> avoids the ambiguity.</p> <h2 id=compilation-issues>Compilation issues<a class=headerlink href=#compilation-issues title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=android-sdk>Android <abbr title="Software Development Kit">SDK</abbr><a class=headerlink href=#android-sdk title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Why does the code not compile with Android <abbr title="Software Development Kit">SDK</abbr>?</p> </div> <p>Android defaults to using very old compilers and C++ libraries. To fix this, add the following to your <code>Application.mk</code>. This will switch to the LLVM C++ library, the Clang compiler, and enable C++11 and other features disabled by default.</p> <div class=highlight><pre><span></span><code><span class=na>APP_STL</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>:</span><span class=s>= c++_shared</span>
|
||||
<span class=na>NDK_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION</span><span class=w> </span><span class=o>:</span><span class=s>= clang3.6</span>
|
||||
<span class=na>APP_CPPFLAGS +</span><span class=o>=</span><span class=w> </span><span class=s>-frtti -fexceptions</span>
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <p>The code compiles successfully with <a href="https://developer.android.com/ndk/index.html?hl=ml">Android <abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr></a>, Revision 9 - 11 (and possibly later) and <a href="https://www.crystax.net/en/android/ndk">CrystaX's Android <abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr></a> version 10.</p> <h3 id=missing-stl-function>Missing <abbr title="Standard Template Library">STL</abbr> function<a class=headerlink href=#missing-stl-function title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why do I get a compilation error <code>'to_string' is not a member of 'std'</code> (or similarly, for <code>strtod</code> or <code>strtof</code>)?</li> <li>Why does the code not compile with MinGW or Android <abbr title="Software Development Kit">SDK</abbr>?</li> </ul> </div> <p>This is not an issue with the code, but rather with the compiler itself. On Android, see above to build with a newer environment. For MinGW, please refer to <a href="http://tehsausage.com/mingw-to-string">this site</a> and <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/136">this discussion</a> for information on how to fix this bug. For Android <abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr> using <code>APP_STL := gnustl_static</code>, please refer to <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/219">this discussion</a>.</p> <!-- https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/reference/tooltips/#adding-a-glossary --> <aside class=md-source-file> <span class=md-source-file__fact> <span class=md-icon title="Last update"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1zM12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7zM11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2z"/></svg> </span> <span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date" title="October 2, 2026 09:23:55 UTC">October 2, 2026</span> </span> </aside> </article> </div> <script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script> <script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script> </div> <button type=button class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component=top hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg> Back to top </button> </main> <footer class=md-footer> <div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset"> <div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid"> <div class=md-copyright> <div class=md-copyright__highlight> Copyright © 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann </div> </div> <div class=md-social> <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link"> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 512 512"><!-- Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/nielslohmann/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" titlLine truncated
|
||||
</code></pre></div> <h3 id=using-json-values-with-stdformat-or-fmt>Using <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> values with <code>std::format</code> or <code>fmt</code><a class=headerlink href=#using-json-values-with-stdformat-or-fmt title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <ul> <li>Can I use <code>std::format("{}", j)</code> on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value?</li> <li>Can I use <code>fmt::format("{}", j)</code> or <code>fmt::print("{}", j)</code> (the <a href="https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt">{fmt}</a> library) on a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value?</li> </ul> </div> <p><code>std::format</code> works out of the box since version 3.13.0 <span class=unreleased-version title="Not part of a release yet; the latest release is 3.12.0.">unreleased</span>, as long as the standard library provides <code><format></code> (see <a href=../../api/macros/json_has_std_format/ ><code>JSON_HAS_STD_FORMAT</code></a>); see <a href=../../api/basic_json/std_formatter/ ><code>std::formatter<basic_json></code></a> for details, including the <code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:#}"</span></code> pretty-print spec, indent widths (<code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:2}"</span></code>), and custom indent characters (<code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:.>#}"</span></code>).</p> <p>For <code>fmt</code>, the library ships <a href=../../api/basic_json/format_as/ ><code>format_as</code></a>, a small customization point <code>fmt</code> looks for via argument-dependent lookup. It only has an effect on fmt 10.0.0 through 11.0.2 — from fmt 11.1.0 onwards, <code>fmt</code> no longer picks up a <code>format_as</code> overload that returns a <code>std::string</code>. On such versions (or any version, if you also want the same <code class=highlight><span class=s>"{:#}"</span></code>/width/fill-and-align spec support that <code>std::formatter<basic_json></code> has), define your own <code>fmt::formatter</code> specialization; see <a href=../../api/basic_json/format_as/ ><code>format_as</code></a> for a recipe that mirrors it.</p> <p>If you get ambiguous-overload errors when passing a <abbr title="JavaScript Object Notation">JSON</abbr> value to <code>fmt::format</code>/<code>fmt::print</code> without any <code>fmt::formatter<json></code> specialization in scope, that's <code>fmt</code> picking up <code>basic_json</code>'s implicit <code>operator ValueType()</code> conversion operator (see <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/964">#964</a> and <a href="https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/958">#958</a>); disabling it via <a href=../../api/macros/json_use_implicit_conversions/ ><code>JSON_USE_IMPLICIT_CONVERSIONS 0</code></a> avoids the ambiguity.</p> <h2 id=compilation-issues>Compilation issues<a class=headerlink href=#compilation-issues title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2> <h3 id=android-sdk>Android <abbr title="Software Development Kit">SDK</abbr><a class=headerlink href=#android-sdk title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Question</p> <p>Why does the code not compile with Android <abbr title="Software Development Kit">SDK</abbr>?</p> </div> <p>Since <a href="https://github.com/android/ndk/wiki/Changelog-r18"><abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr> r18</a> (2018), <abbr title="GNU Compiler Collection">GCC</abbr> and the <code>gnustl</code>/<code>stlport</code> C++ libraries have been removed from the Android <abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr>; Clang and <code>libc++</code> are now the only compiler and C++ library, and they support C++11 and later out of the box. With a current <abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr>, no special configuration is needed to use this library.</p> <p>Only very old NDKs (before r18), which defaulted to <abbr title="GNU Compiler Collection">GCC</abbr> and <code>gnustl</code>, lacked C++11 library features such as <code>std::to_string</code>. If you run into this, update to a current <abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr>.</p> <h3 id=missing-stl-function>Missing <abbr title="Standard Template Library">STL</abbr> function<a class=headerlink href=#missing-stl-function title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3> <div class="admonition question"> <p class=admonition-title>Questions</p> <ul> <li>Why do I get a compilation error <code>'to_string' is not a member of 'std'</code> (or similarly, for <code>strtod</code> or <code>strtof</code>)?</li> <li>Why does the code not compile with MinGW or Android <abbr title="Software Development Kit">SDK</abbr>?</li> </ul> </div> <p>This is not an issue with the code, but rather with the compiler itself. On Android, use a current <abbr title="Native Development Kit">NDK</abbr> (see above). For MinGW, please refer to <a href="http://tehsausage.com/mingw-to-string">this site</a> and <a href="https://github.cLine truncated
|
||||
+10
-16
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ To explicitly create a single-element array, use `json::array({value})`:
|
||||
json j = json::array({true}); // [true]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Opt-in copy semantics (since version 3.12.0)**
|
||||
**Opt-in copy semantics (since version 3.13.0 unreleased)**
|
||||
|
||||
If you define `JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS` to `1` before including the library, single-element brace initialization is treated as copy/move instead of creating a single-element array:
|
||||
If you define [`JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/json_brace_init_copy_semantics/index.md) to `1` before including the library, single-element brace initialization is treated as copy/move instead of creating a single-element array:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
#define JSON_BRACE_INIT_COPY_SEMANTICS 1
|
||||
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ The library supports **Unicode input** as follows:
|
||||
- The library will not replace [Unicode noncharacters](http://www.unicode.org/faq/private_use.html#nonchar1).
|
||||
- Invalid surrogates (e.g., incomplete pairs such as `\uDEAD`) will yield parse errors.
|
||||
- The strings stored in the library are UTF-8 encoded. When using the default string type (`std::string`), note that its length/size functions return the number of stored bytes rather than the number of characters or glyphs.
|
||||
- When you store strings with different encodings in the library, calling [`dump()`](https://nlohmann.github.io/json/classnlohmann_1_1basic__json_a50ec80b02d0f3f51130d4abb5d1cfdc5.html#a50ec80b02d0f3f51130d4abb5d1cfdc5) may throw an exception unless `json::error_handler_t::replace` or `json::error_handler_t::ignore` are used as error handlers.
|
||||
- When you store strings with different encodings in the library, calling [`dump()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/dump/index.md) may throw an exception unless `json::error_handler_t::replace` or `json::error_handler_t::ignore` are used as error handlers.
|
||||
|
||||
In most cases, the parser is right to complain, because the input is not UTF-8 encoded. This is especially true for Microsoft Windows, where Latin-1 or ISO 8859-1 is often the standard encoding.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ In most cases, the parser is right to complain, because the input is not UTF-8 e
|
||||
|
||||
Questions
|
||||
|
||||
- Why does `json::parse()` silently ignore part of my input?
|
||||
- Why does [`json::parse()`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/parse/index.md) silently ignore part of my input?
|
||||
- Why does a `std::string`/buffer with extra data after the JSON text parse without error, while a similar-looking string with extra text does not?
|
||||
|
||||
A `'\0'` (NUL) byte anywhere in the input is treated the same as the real end of the input, rather than as an ordinary (and, outside of a string, invalid) byte. Everything from that byte onward is silently ignored, without a parse error — including further, otherwise well-formed JSON:
|
||||
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ s.resize(s.find('\0')); // drop everything from the first NUL onward, if any
|
||||
json::parse(s);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Opt-in strict handling (since version 3.13.0)**
|
||||
**Opt-in strict handling (since version 3.13.0 unreleased)**
|
||||
|
||||
Manually trimming every input is easy to forget. If you define [`JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/json_strict_nul_handling/index.md) to `1` before including the library, a `'\0'` byte is instead rejected like any other unexpected byte and raises `parse_error.101`, instead of being treated as end of input:
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ Question
|
||||
|
||||
Does this library support JSON Schema validation?
|
||||
|
||||
Not directly, but the companion project [json-schema-validator](https://github.com/pboettch/json-schema-validator) builds JSON Schema (draft 4, 6, 7, and 2019-09) validation on top of this library and is a common recommendation for this use case.
|
||||
Not directly, but the companion project [json-schema-validator](https://github.com/pboettch/json-schema-validator) builds JSON Schema (draft 7; draft 4 in its older, now-superseded 1.x releases) validation on top of this library and is a common recommendation for this use case.
|
||||
|
||||
## Exceptions
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ Question
|
||||
- Can I use `std::format("{}", j)` on a JSON value?
|
||||
- Can I use `fmt::format("{}", j)` or `fmt::print("{}", j)` (the [{fmt}](https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt) library) on a JSON value?
|
||||
|
||||
`std::format` works out of the box since version 3.13.0, as long as the standard library provides `<format>` (see [`JSON_HAS_STD_FORMAT`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/json_has_std_format/index.md)); see [`std::formatter<basic_json>`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/std_formatter/index.md) for details, including the `"{:#}"` pretty-print spec, indent widths (`"{:2}"`), and custom indent characters (`"{:.>#}"`).
|
||||
`std::format` works out of the box since version 3.13.0 unreleased, as long as the standard library provides `<format>` (see [`JSON_HAS_STD_FORMAT`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/macros/json_has_std_format/index.md)); see [`std::formatter<basic_json>`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/std_formatter/index.md) for details, including the `"{:#}"` pretty-print spec, indent widths (`"{:2}"`), and custom indent characters (`"{:.>#}"`).
|
||||
|
||||
For `fmt`, the library ships [`format_as`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/format_as/index.md), a small customization point `fmt` looks for via argument-dependent lookup. It only has an effect on fmt 10.0.0 through 11.0.2 — from fmt 11.1.0 onwards, `fmt` no longer picks up a `format_as` overload that returns a `std::string`. On such versions (or any version, if you also want the same `"{:#}"`/width/fill-and-align spec support that `std::formatter<basic_json>` has), define your own `fmt::formatter` specialization; see [`format_as`](https://json.nlohmann.me/api/basic_json/format_as/index.md) for a recipe that mirrors it.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -269,15 +269,9 @@ Question
|
||||
|
||||
Why does the code not compile with Android SDK?
|
||||
|
||||
Android defaults to using very old compilers and C++ libraries. To fix this, add the following to your `Application.mk`. This will switch to the LLVM C++ library, the Clang compiler, and enable C++11 and other features disabled by default.
|
||||
Since [NDK r18](https://github.com/android/ndk/wiki/Changelog-r18) (2018), GCC and the `gnustl`/`stlport` C++ libraries have been removed from the Android NDK; Clang and `libc++` are now the only compiler and C++ library, and they support C++11 and later out of the box. With a current NDK, no special configuration is needed to use this library.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
APP_STL := c++_shared
|
||||
NDK_TOOLCHAIN_VERSION := clang3.6
|
||||
APP_CPPFLAGS += -frtti -fexceptions
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The code compiles successfully with [Android NDK](https://developer.android.com/ndk/index.html?hl=ml), Revision 9 - 11 (and possibly later) and [CrystaX's Android NDK](https://www.crystax.net/en/android/ndk) version 10.
|
||||
Only very old NDKs (before r18), which defaulted to GCC and `gnustl`, lacked C++11 library features such as `std::to_string`. If you run into this, update to a current NDK.
|
||||
|
||||
### Missing STL function
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -286,4 +280,4 @@ Questions
|
||||
- Why do I get a compilation error `'to_string' is not a member of 'std'` (or similarly, for `strtod` or `strtof`)?
|
||||
- Why does the code not compile with MinGW or Android SDK?
|
||||
|
||||
This is not an issue with the code, but rather with the compiler itself. On Android, see above to build with a newer environment. For MinGW, please refer to [this site](http://tehsausage.com/mingw-to-string) and [this discussion](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/136) for information on how to fix this bug. For Android NDK using `APP_STL := gnustl_static`, please refer to [this discussion](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/219).
|
||||
This is not an issue with the code, but rather with the compiler itself. On Android, use a current NDK (see above). For MinGW, please refer to [this site](http://tehsausage.com/mingw-to-string) and [this discussion](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/136) for information on how to fix this bug.
|
||||
+1
-1
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
||||
# License
|
||||
|
||||
<img align="right" src="https://149753425.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/OSIApproved_100X125.png">
|
||||
<img align="right" src="https://149753425.v2.pressablecdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/OSIApproved_100X125.png" alt="OSI approved license">
|
||||
|
||||
The class is licensed under the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT):
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1 +1 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/license/" rel="canonical"><link rel=prev href=../..><link href=../faq/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>License - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#license class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> License </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-component=search role=diaLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/license/" rel="canonical"><link rel=prev href=../..><link href=../faq/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>License - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#license class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> License </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-component=search role=diaLine truncated
|
||||
@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ This page summarizes the notable changes of every release and links to the relev
|
||||
The **complete release notes** — including all changes, the download files, and their checksums — are
|
||||
published on the [GitHub releases page](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/releases).
|
||||
|
||||
!!! info "Unreleased changes"
|
||||
|
||||
This documentation is built from the `develop` branch and may describe changes that are not part of a release
|
||||
yet. Their version numbers are followed by an <span class="unreleased-version">unreleased</span> badge.
|
||||
|
||||
## v3.12.0 (2025-04-11)
|
||||
|
||||
Fixes bugs found in 3.11.3 and adds several features. All changes are backward-compatible.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1 +1 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/releases/" rel="canonical"><link href=../exceptions/ rel=prev><link href=../design_goals/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Releases - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#releases class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Releases </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-comLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/releases/" rel="canonical"><link href=../exceptions/ rel=prev><link href=../design_goals/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Releases - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#releases class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Releases </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-comLine truncated
|
||||
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
|
||||
|
||||
This page summarizes the notable changes of every release and links to the relevant documentation. The **complete release notes** — including all changes, the download files, and their checksums — are published on the [GitHub releases page](https://github.com/nlohmann/json/releases).
|
||||
|
||||
Unreleased changes
|
||||
|
||||
This documentation is built from the `develop` branch and may describe changes that are not part of a release yet. Their version numbers are followed by an unreleased badge.
|
||||
|
||||
## v3.12.0 (2025-04-11)
|
||||
|
||||
Fixes bugs found in 3.11.3 and adds several features. All changes are backward-compatible.
|
||||
|
||||
+1
-1
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ You can sponsor this library at [GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/nl
|
||||
|
||||
## Named Sponsors
|
||||
|
||||
- [Michael Hartmann](https://github.com/reFX-Mike)
|
||||
- Michael Hartmann
|
||||
- [Stefan Hagen](https://github.com/sthagen)
|
||||
- [Steve Sperandeo](https://github.com/homer6)
|
||||
- [Robert Jefe Lindstädt](https://github.com/eljefedelrodeodeljefe)
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1 +1 @@
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/sponsors/" rel="canonical"><link href=../customers/ rel=prev><link href=../debugging/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Sponsors - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#sponsors class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Sponsors </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-componeLine truncated
|
||||
<!doctype html><html lang=en class=no-js> <head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><meta name=author content="Niels Lohmann"><link href="https://json.nlohmann.me/home/sponsors/" rel="canonical"><link href=../customers/ rel=prev><link href=../debugging/ rel=next><link rel=icon href=../../assets/images/favicon.png><meta name=generator content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.7"><title>Sponsors - JSON for Modern C++</title><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/main.ec1eaa64.min.css><link rel=stylesheet href=../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/external/fonts.googleapis.com/css.61a430c9.css"><style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/custom.css><script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script></head> <body dir=ltr data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=drawer type=checkbox id=__drawer autocomplete=off> <input class=md-toggle data-md-toggle=search type=checkbox id=__search autocomplete=off> <label class=md-overlay for=__drawer></label> <div data-md-component=skip> <a href=#sponsors class=md-skip> Skip to content </a> </div> <div data-md-component=announce> </div> <header class=md-header data-md-component=header> <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label=Header> <a href=../.. title="JSON for Modern C++" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="JSON for Modern C++" data-md-component=logo> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54"/></svg> </a> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__drawer> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-header__title data-md-component=header-title> <div class=md-header__ellipsis> <div class=md-header__topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> JSON for Modern C++ </span> </div> <div class=md-header__topic data-md-component=header-topic> <span class=md-ellipsis> Sponsors </span> </div> </div> </div> <form class=md-header__option data-md-component=palette> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" data-md-color-scheme=default data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to dark mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_0> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for=__palette_1 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a4 4 0 0 0-4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 4 0 0 0 4-4 4 4 0 0 0-4-4m0 10a6 6 0 0 1-6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6-6 6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> <input class=md-option data-md-color-media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" data-md-color-scheme=slate data-md-color-primary=indigo data-md-color-accent=indigo aria-label="Switch to light mode" type=radio name=__palette id=__palette_1> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for=__palette_0 hidden> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 18c-.89 0-1.74-.2-2.5-.55C11.56 16.5 13 14.42 13 12s-1.44-4.5-3.5-5.45C10.26 6.2 11.11 6 12 6a6 6 0 0 1 6 6 6 6 0 0 1-6 6m8-9.31V4h-4.69L12 .69 8.69 4H4v4.69L.69 12 4 15.31V20h4.69L12 23.31 15.31 20H20v-4.69L23.31 12z"/></svg> </label> </form> <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script> <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for=__search> <svg xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg viewbox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg> </label> <div class=md-search data-md-componeLine truncated
|
||||
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ You can sponsor this library at [GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/nl
|
||||
|
||||
## Named Sponsors
|
||||
|
||||
- [Michael Hartmann](https://github.com/reFX-Mike)
|
||||
- Michael Hartmann
|
||||
- [Stefan Hagen](https://github.com/sthagen)
|
||||
- [Steve Sperandeo](https://github.com/homer6)
|
||||
- [Robert Jefe Lindstädt](https://github.com/eljefedelrodeodeljefe)
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user