Implement mg_http_parse_header2()

Which is a replacement of (deprecated) `mg_http_parse_header`, but,
similarly to `asprintf`, allocates a new buffer if the client-provided
one is not large enough.

Also use it throughout mongoose code, and thus some header-related
limitations are removed; in particular,
https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/issues/813 is fixed.

CL: Mongoose Web Server: Deprecate `mg_http_parse_header()` and implement `mg_http_parse_header2()` instead, which allocates a new buffer if the client-provided one is not large enough (similarly to `asprintf`).
CL: Mongoose Web Server: Fix limitations of header value lengths, e.g. when parsing authentication headers such as nonce, etc.

PUBLISHED_FROM=c75b1bbbbdb294ea85075ce69b1368f115fdd1ef

docs/c-api/mg_http_server.h/mg_http_parse_header.md

@@ -7,17 +7,9 @@ signature: |
                            size_t buf_size);
 ---
 
-Parses the HTTP header `hdr`. Finds variable `var_name` and stores its value
-in the buffer `buf`, `buf_size`. Returns 0 if variable not found, non-zero
-otherwise.
+DEPRECATED: use mg_http_parse_header2() instead.
 
-This function is supposed to parse cookies, authentication headers, etc.
-Example (error handling omitted):
-
-    char user[20];
-    struct mg_str *hdr = mg_get_http_header(hm, "Authorization");
-    mg_http_parse_header(hdr, "username", user, sizeof(user));
-
-Returns the length of the variable's value. If buffer is not large enough,
-or variable not found, 0 is returned. 
+Same as mg_http_parse_header2(), but takes buffer as a `char *` (instead of
+`char **`), and thus it cannot allocate a new buffer if the provided one
+is not enough, and just returns 0 in that case.