mirror of
https://github.com/troglobit/finit.git
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Aaron Andersen
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in an initramfs, then transition to the real root filesystem. Useful for systems requiring early boot tasks like LUKS unlock, LVM activation, or network boot before mounting the real root. Adds INIT_CMD_SWITCH_ROOT API command, `initctl switch-root` subcommand, and HOOK_SWITCH_ROOT plugin hook point. The implementation gracefully stops services, moves virtual filesystems (/dev, /proc, /sys, /run) to the new root, deletes initramfs contents to free memory, then execs the new init as PID 1. See GitHub Discussion #292 for background.
168 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
168 lines
7.2 KiB
Markdown
Commands & Status
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=================
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Finit also implements a modern API to query status, and start/stop
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services, called `initctl`. Unlike `telinit` the `initctl` tool does
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not return until the given command has fully completed.
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```
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Usage: initctl [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]
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Options:
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-b, --batch Batch mode, no screen size probing
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-c, --create Create missing paths (and files) as needed
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-f, --force Ignore missing files and arguments, never prompt
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-h, --help This help text
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-j, --json JSON output in 'status' and 'cond' commands
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-1, --once Only one lap in commands like 'top'
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-p, --plain Use plain table headings, no ctrl chars
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-q, --quiet Silent, only return status of command
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-t, --no-heading Skip table headings
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-v, --verbose Verbose output
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-V, --version Show program version
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Commands:
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debug Toggle Finit (daemon) debug
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help This help text
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version Show program version
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ls | list List all .conf in /etc/finit.d
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create <CONF> Create .conf in /etc/finit.d/available
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delete <CONF> Delete .conf in /etc/finit.d/available
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show <CONF> Show .conf in /etc/finit.d/available
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edit <CONF> Edit .conf in /etc/finit.d/available
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touch <CONF> Change .conf in /etc/finit.d/available
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enable <CONF> Enable .conf in /etc/finit.d/available
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disable <CONF> Disable .conf in /etc/finit.d/enabled
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reload Reload *.conf in /etc/finit.d (activate changes)
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cond set <COND> Set (assert) user-defined conditions +usr/COND
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cond get <COND> Get status of user-defined condition, see $? and -v
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cond clear <COND> Clear (deassert) user-defined conditions -usr/COND
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cond status Show condition status, default cond command
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cond dump [TYPE] Dump all, or a type of, conditions and their status
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log [NAME] Show ten last Finit, or NAME, messages from syslog
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start <NAME>[:ID] Start service by name, with optional ID
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stop <NAME>[:ID] Stop/Pause a running service by name
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reload <NAME>[:ID] Reload service as if .conf changed (SIGHUP or restart)
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This allows restart of run/tasks that have already run
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Note: Finit .conf file(s) are *not* reloaded!
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restart <NAME>[:ID] Restart (stop/start) service by name
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kill <NAME>[:ID] <S> Send signal S to service by name, with optional ID
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ident [NAME] Show matching identities for NAME, or all
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status <NAME>[:ID] Show service status, by name
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status Show status of services, default command
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cgroup List cgroup config overview
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ps List processes based on cgroups
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top Show top-like listing based on cgroups
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plugins List installed plugins
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runlevel [0-9] Show or set runlevel: 0 halt, 6 reboot
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reboot Reboot system
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halt Halt system
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poweroff Halt and power off system
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suspend Suspend system
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switch-root NEWROOT [INIT] Switch to new root filesystem (initramfs only)
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utmp show Raw dump of UTMP/WTMP db
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```
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For services *not* supporting `SIGHUP` the `<!>` notation in the .conf
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file must be used to tell Finit to stop and start it on `reload` and
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`runlevel` changes. If `<>` holds more [conditions](conditions.md),
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these will also affect how a service is maintained.
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> [!NOTE]
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> Even though it is possible to start services not belonging in the
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> current runlevel these services will not be respawned automatically by
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> Finit if they exit (crash). Hence, if the runlevel is 2, the below
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> Dropbear SSH service will not be restarted if it is killed or exits.
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The `status` command is the default, it displays a quick overview of all
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monitored run/task/services. Here we call `initctl -p`, suitable for
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scripting and documentation:
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```
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alpine:~# initctl -p
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PID IDENT STATUS RUNLEVELS DESCRIPTION
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======================================================================
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1506 acpid running [---2345----] ACPI daemon
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1509 crond running [---2345----] Cron daemon
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1489 dropbear running [---2345----] Dropbear SSH daemon
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1511 klogd running [S-12345----] Kernel log daemon
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1512 ntpd running [---2345----] NTP daemon
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1473 syslogd running [S-12345----] Syslog daemon
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alpine:~# initctl -pv
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PID IDENT STATUS RUNLEVELS COMMAND
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======================================================================
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1506 acpid running [---2345----] acpid -f
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1509 crond running [---2345----] crond -f -S $CRON_OPTS
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1489 dropbear running [---2345----] dropbear -R -F $DROPBEAR_OPTS
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1511 klogd running [S-12345----] klogd -n $KLOGD_OPTS
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1512 ntpd running [---2345----] ntpd -n $NTPD_OPTS
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1473 syslogd running [S-12345----] syslogd -n
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```
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The environment variables to each of the services above are read from,
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in the case of Alpine Linux, `/etc/conf.d/`. Other distributions may
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have other directories, e.g., Debian use `/etc/default/`.
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The `status` command takes an optional `NAME:ID` argument. Here we
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check the status of `dropbear`, which only has one instance in this
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system:
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```
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alpine:~# initctl -p status dropbear
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Status : running
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Identity : dropbear
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Description : Dropbear SSH daemon
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Origin : /etc/finit.d/enabled/dropbear.conf
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Environment : -/etc/conf.d/dropbear
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Condition(s):
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Command : dropbear -R -F $DROPBEAR_OPTS
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PID file : !/run/dropbear.pid
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PID : 1485
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User : root
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Group : root
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Uptime : 2 hour 46 min 56 sec
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Runlevels : [---2345----]
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Memory : 1.2M
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CGroup : /system/dropbear cpu 0 [100, max] mem [--.--, max]
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|- 1485 dropbear -R -F
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|- 2634 dropbear -R -F
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|- 2635 ash
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`- 2652 initctl -p status dropbear
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Apr 8 12:19:49 alpine authpriv.info dropbear[1485]: Not backgrounding
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Apr 8 12:37:45 alpine authpriv.info dropbear[2300]: Child connection from 192.168.121.1:47834
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Apr 8 12:37:46 alpine authpriv.notice dropbear[2300]: Password auth succeeded for 'root' from 192.168.121.1:47834
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Apr 8 12:37:46 alpine authpriv.info dropbear[2300]: Exit (root) from <192.168.121.1:47834>: Disconnect received
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Apr 8 15:02:11 alpine authpriv.info dropbear[2634]: Child connection from 192.168.121.1:48576
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Apr 8 15:02:12 alpine authpriv.notice dropbear[2634]: Password auth succeeded for 'root' from 192.168.121.1:48576
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```
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Switch Root
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-----------
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The `switch-root` command is used when running Finit in an initramfs to
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transition to the real root filesystem. This is similar to the standalone
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`switch_root(8)` utility but integrated into Finit.
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```
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initctl switch-root /mnt/root [/sbin/init]
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```
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Requirements:
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- Must be run during runlevel S (bootstrap) or runlevel 1
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- The new root must be a mount point (different device than /)
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- Can only be used when Finit is running as PID 1 in an initramfs
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For complete documentation and usage examples, see the dedicated
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[Switch Root](switchroot.md) section.
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